caa a22 4500 445890738 CHVBK 20180317145615.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110301xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11116-010-9296-7 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11116-010-9296-7 Obeng K. Department of Marketing, Transportation and Supply Chain, School of Business and Economics, North Carolina A&T State University, 27411, Greensboro, NC, USA aut Indirect production function and the output effect of public transit subsidies [Elektronische Daten] [K. Obeng] This paper uses an indirect production function to decompose the effects of subsidies on output into the lump-sum, cost and inefficiency effects. Using 2006 data for U.S. transit systems it estimates an indirect production function and uses the results to calculate these effects. It finds that the lump-sum effects exceed the other effects and that the average total effect of the subsidies is a 4.72% increase in output. The range of the output change shows that in many transit systems the output increases from the subsidies are quite large. The paper suggests that reductions in allocative inefficiencies from the subsidies would result in very large increases in output. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC., 2010 Operating subsidy nationallicence Capital subsidy nationallicence Output effect nationallicence Indirect production function nationallicence Inefficiency nationallicence Transportation Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 38/2(2011-03-01), 191-214 0049-4488 38:2<191 2011 38 11116 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-010-9296-7 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-010-9296-7 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Obeng K. Department of Marketing, Transportation and Supply Chain, School of Business and Economics, North Carolina A&T State University, 27411, Greensboro, NC, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Transportation Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 38/2(2011-03-01), 191-214 0049-4488 38:2<191 2011 38 11116 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer