caa a22 4500 445891998 CHVBK 20180317145619.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110801xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10750-011-0704-6 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10750-011-0704-6 Sediment cores from Lake Urmia (Iran) suggest the inhabitation by parthenogenetic Artemia around 5,000years ago [Elektronische Daten] [R. Manaffar, S. Zare, N. Agh, A. Siyabgodsi, S. Soltanian, F. Mees, P. Sorgeloos, P. Bossier, G. Van Stappen] In Lake Urmia area, northwestern Iran, parthenogenetic Artemia and the bisexual Artemia urmiana Günther 1890 are found to occupy different ecological niches determined by salinity. Given the fluctuations of the lake over geological times, we thus hypothesized that species identification of Artemia cysts, buried in the sediments, can provide information on lake conditions in the past. Therefore, encysted embryos of Artemia were recovered from lake sediments by augering at a site near the present shoreline. Cysts and associated plant remains from two studied levels yielded radiocarbon ages in the range 5,000-6,700 YBP. For determination of the type of Artemia, the constant synonym mutation in exon-7 of the Na/K ATPase gene was verified, and the diameter of the recovered cysts was compared with that of modern cysts from the Lake Urmia region. The results show that the cysts represent a parthenogenetic type of Artemia, whose cyst diameter is somewhat different from that of present-day local parthenogenetic Artemia. The present study firstly confirms the stability of DNA in ancient Artemia cysts for molecular analysis. Moreover, it suggests variation in Lake Urmia's conditions over time, and based on comparison with salinity preferences of contemporary Artemia populations, it more specifically suggests that Lake Urmia was a brackish lake dominated by a parthenogenetic Artemia population in the geological period sampled. It finally illustrates how, like in the study of freshwater propagule banks, paleogenetic analysis of Artemia DNA recovered from sediment cores can be used as a tool in the paleoecological study of generally highly fluctuating saline habitats. Springer Science+Business Media B.V., 2011 Artemia nationallicence Ancient cysts nationallicence Lake Urmia nationallicence Na/K ATPase gene nationallicence Manaffar R. Artemia and Aquatic Animals Research Institute, Urmia University, PO Box 165, Urmia, Iran aut Zare S. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, PO Box 165, Urmia, Iran aut Agh N. Artemia and Aquatic Animals Research Institute, Urmia University, PO Box 165, Urmia, Iran aut Siyabgodsi A. Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, PO Box 165, Urmia, Iran aut Soltanian S. Aquatic Animals Health & Disease Department, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, 71345-1731, Shiraz, Iran aut Mees F. Royal Museum for Central Africa, Leuvensesteenweg 13, 3080, Tervuren, Belgium aut Sorgeloos P. Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Ghent University, Rozier 44, 9000, Ghent, Belgium aut Bossier P. Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Ghent University, Rozier 44, 9000, Ghent, Belgium aut Van Stappen G. Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Ghent University, Rozier 44, 9000, Ghent, Belgium aut Hydrobiologia Springer Netherlands 671/1(2011-08-01), 65-74 0018-8158 671:1<65 2011 671 10750 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-011-0704-6 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-011-0704-6 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Manaffar R. Artemia and Aquatic Animals Research Institute, Urmia University, PO Box 165, Urmia, Iran aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Zare S. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, PO Box 165, Urmia, Iran aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Agh N. Artemia and Aquatic Animals Research Institute, Urmia University, PO Box 165, Urmia, Iran aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Siyabgodsi A. Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, PO Box 165, Urmia, Iran aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Soltanian S. Aquatic Animals Health & Disease Department, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, 71345-1731, Shiraz, Iran aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Mees F. Royal Museum for Central Africa, Leuvensesteenweg 13, 3080, Tervuren, Belgium aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Sorgeloos P. Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Ghent University, Rozier 44, 9000, Ghent, Belgium aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bossier P. Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Ghent University, Rozier 44, 9000, Ghent, Belgium aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Van Stappen G. Laboratory of Aquaculture & Artemia Reference Center, Ghent University, Rozier 44, 9000, Ghent, Belgium aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Hydrobiologia Springer Netherlands 671/1(2011-08-01), 65-74 0018-8158 671:1<65 2011 671 10750 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer