caa a22 4500 44589203X CHVBK 20180317145619.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110801xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10750-011-0716-2 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10750-011-0716-2 Viability selection on body size in a non-marine ostracod [Elektronische Daten] [Rodrigo Scheihing, Pedro Labarca, Leyla Cardenas, Roberto Nespolo] One of the most important research topics in evolutionary ecology is body size evolution. Actually, several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the many observed patterns—also known as "rules”—of body size variation in across latitude, temperature, and time. The temperature-size rule (TSR), describes an inverse relationship between body size and temperature. We took advantage of the "natural laboratory” that the crustacean populations at the Chilean altiplano offers, to study the TSR in ostracods. We studied three populations of Limnocythere atacamae that are physically separated by several kilometers, and differ mainly by their permanent thermal regime. We found larger individuals in the hotspring compared to the cold ponds. Also, in the hotspring we found a significant quadratic selection coefficient, suggesting stabilizing selection in this population. The fitness profiles showed stabilizing selection in the hotspring, and positive directional selection in the ponds. Our results suggest the existence of an optimal body size above the population means. This optimal size is apparently attained in the hotspring population. Then, natural selection appears to be promoting a shift in the mean phenotype that, for some reason, is not attained in the cold environments. Genetic slippage and population bottleneck would explain this absence of response to selection. Springer Science+Business Media B.V., 2011 Natural selection nationallicence Genetic slippage nationallicence Ostracods nationallicence Body size nationallicence Temperature-size rule nationallicence Scheihing Rodrigo Centro de Estudios Científicos (CECS), Casilla 1469, 5110246, Valdivia, Chile aut Labarca Pedro Centro de Estudios Científicos (CECS), Casilla 1469, 5110246, Valdivia, Chile aut Cardenas Leyla Instituto de Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, 5110566, Valdivia, Chile aut Nespolo Roberto Instituto de Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, 5110566, Valdivia, Chile aut Hydrobiologia Springer Netherlands 671/1(2011-08-01), 193-203 0018-8158 671:1<193 2011 671 10750 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-011-0716-2 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-011-0716-2 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Scheihing Rodrigo Centro de Estudios Científicos (CECS), Casilla 1469, 5110246, Valdivia, Chile aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Labarca Pedro Centro de Estudios Científicos (CECS), Casilla 1469, 5110246, Valdivia, Chile aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Cardenas Leyla Instituto de Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, 5110566, Valdivia, Chile aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Nespolo Roberto Instituto de Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, 5110566, Valdivia, Chile aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Hydrobiologia Springer Netherlands 671/1(2011-08-01), 193-203 0018-8158 671:1<193 2011 671 10750 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer