caa a22 4500 445892242 CHVBK 20180317145620.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20111001xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10750-011-0732-2 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10750-011-0732-2 A comparison of univariate and multivariate methods for analyzing clinal variation in an invasive species [Elektronische Daten] [Keith Edwards, Dáša Bastlová, Magda Edwards-Jonášová, Jan Květ] The evolution of clinal variation has become a topic widely studied for invasive species. Most studies of this kind have found significant correlations between latitude and various plant traits, usually using univariate analytic methods. However, plants are composed of multiple, interacting traits, and it is this correlation among traits that can affect how quickly or even whether the populations of invasive plants adapt to their local climatic conditions. We used data from a common garden experiment to determine the possible formation of latitudinal clines in invasive North American populations of Lythrum salicaria L. (purple loosestrife) from the central portion of its invasive range. Analyses were conducted using the more common univariate approach (nested and oneway ANOVAs; linear regression) on individual plant traits (e.g., time to flowering, plant height, various mass measures, and growth rate) and then a multivariate approach (principle components analysis followed by redundancy analysis). Significant among-population differences (P<0.01) were noted when using both the nested and oneway ANOVAs, and multivariate techniques. However, there were no significant relationships between individual plants traits to latitude when using linear regressions, most likely as a result of the small number of populations used in the study (n=4). On the contrary, the multivariate analyses showed a significant effect of latitude (P<0.001) on the invasive populations, but this explained only 4% of the variance; latitude explained 8% of the variance when both invasive and native populations were analyzed. Because of the integrated nature of plant phenotypes, a multivariate approach should provide a clearer and deeper understanding of population responses to changing conditions than univariate techniques. Springer Science+Business Media B.V., 2011 Common garden nationallicence Life history traits nationallicence Local adaptation nationallicence Principal components analysis nationallicence Purple loosestrife nationallicence Redundancy analysis nationallicence Edwards Keith Department of Ecosystem Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic aut Bastlová Dáša Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic aut Edwards-Jonášová Magda Laboratory of Forest Ecology, Institute of Systems Biology and Ecology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Sádkách 7, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic aut Květ Jan Department of Ecosystem Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic aut Hydrobiologia Springer Netherlands 674/1(2011-10-01), 119-131 0018-8158 674:1<119 2011 674 10750 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-011-0732-2 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-011-0732-2 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Edwards Keith Department of Ecosystem Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bastlová Dáša Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Edwards-Jonášová Magda Laboratory of Forest Ecology, Institute of Systems Biology and Ecology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Sádkách 7, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Květ Jan Department of Ecosystem Biology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Hydrobiologia Springer Netherlands 674/1(2011-10-01), 119-131 0018-8158 674:1<119 2011 674 10750 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer