caa a22 4500 445893435 CHVBK 20180317145624.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170323e20110901xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10750-011-0758-5 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10750-011-0758-5 Sources, distribution and temporal variability of trace metals in the Thames Estuary [Elektronische Daten] [N. Pope, W. Langston] Water and intertidal sediment samples were collected from 28 stations along the Thames Estuary, from the tidal limit to the outer estuary. Surveys were conducted in 1997, 1999 and 2001 to assess spatial distributions and short-term variability. Highest concentrations of trace metals in water coincided with high turbidity in the mid-estuarine region, although the particle-associated fraction varied from 22% (As) to 95% (Pb). Theoretical dilution line (TDL) plots showed that dissolved metals were largely derived from a combination of diffuse (sediment desorption) and localised point sources (outfalls, industry). Dissolved Cu and Zn both exceeded environmental quality standard (EQS) levels during the survey period. The majority of sediment metals showed common distributional patterns, with increasing concentrations upstream. This increase was greatest for pollutant metals: Ag, Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb and Zn. Partial extraction of sediment metals with 1M HCl showed that >50% of Ag, Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn were potentially bioavailable and that the proportion of bioavailable sediment metals also increased upstream. The majority of sediment metal concentrations exceeded Interim Sediment Quality Guideline threshold effects levels (TELs) over much of the estuary. Sediment concentrations of Cu, Hg, Pb and Zn also exceeded probable effects levels (PELs) at many estuarine sites. Despite improvements in recent years, the Thames Estuary remains chronically contaminated with a range of metals. Springer Science+Business Media B.V., 2011 Thames nationallicence Estuary nationallicence Metals nationallicence Water nationallicence Sediment nationallicence Geochemistry nationallicence Pope N. Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, PL1 2PB, Plymouth, UK aut Langston W. Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, PL1 2PB, Plymouth, UK aut Hydrobiologia Springer Netherlands 672/1(2011-09-01), 49-68 0018-8158 672:1<49 2011 672 10750 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-011-0758-5 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-011-0758-5 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Pope N. Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, PL1 2PB, Plymouth, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Langston W. Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, PL1 2PB, Plymouth, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Hydrobiologia Springer Netherlands 672/1(2011-09-01), 49-68 0018-8158 672:1<49 2011 672 10750 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer