caa a22 4500 463162773 CHVBK 20180406164752.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170326e20070801xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11242-006-9053-8 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11242-006-9053-8 Compositional gravity drainage 1. Equilibrium solutions and controlling Bond numbers for a two-phase, three-component system [Elektronische Daten] [David DiCarlo, Franklin Orr Jr.] The amount of wetting phase that is recovered by gravity drainage is determined by an interplay of gravitational and capillary forces. The relative importance of those forces is often expressed in terms of a Bond number. For compositional gravity drainage, where the initial and displacing fluids are not in chemical equilibrium, there is no single Bond number, as phases that form during a displacement will be associated with a different interfacial tension and density for each equilibrium tie line encountered as the compositions change during flow. We study vertical compositional displacements to determine how the Bond numbers of the initial and displacing fluids control the ultimate recovery. We find analytical solutions to the capillary/gravity equilibrium for a simplified model three-component, two-phase system. The equilibrium phase composition versus distance profiles are different than those predicted from standard viscous dominated displacements. We calculate the recovery as a function of the Bond numbers of the initial and displacing phases, and the degree of diffusion for this simple system. We discuss the important role of molecular diffusion in the ultimate recovery for condensing displacements. Finally, we find that the simple numerical average of the Bond numbers provides a reasonable estimate of an effective Bond number for calculating the retained wetting phase for many compositional gravity drainages. Springer Science+Business Media, Inc., 2006 Gravity drainage nationallicence Compositional displacement nationallicence Interfacial tension nationallicence Multicomponent nationallicence Multiphase nationallicence Capillary equilibrium nationallicence Bond number nationallicence Total recovery nationallicence Analytic solutions nationallicence C i : Volume fraction of component i nationallicence C i 0 : Volume fraction of component i at the tie line intersection point nationallicence $${\overline{C_i}}$$ : Average volume fraction of component i in the column nationallicence c ij : Volume fraction of component i in phase j nationallicence F ( i or j ) : Flux of component i or phase j nationallicence F : Total flux nationallicence g : Gravitational constant nationallicence J * : Leverett J-function nationallicence k r j : Relative permeability of phase j nationallicence K l : Diffusion constant nationallicence L : Length over which the drainage is operating nationallicence L tie : Length of the tie line nationallicence N B : Bond number nationallicence $${N_{\rm B}^{-1}}$$ : Inverse Bond number nationallicence P c : Capillary pressure nationallicence P j : Pressure of phase j nationallicence r t : Throat radius nationallicence S j : Saturation of phase j nationallicence S r : Residual saturation of the wetting phase nationallicence t adv : Characteristic advection time nationallicence t diff : Characteristic diffusion time nationallicence z : Vertical distance (positive upward) nationallicence z * : Equilibrium height nationallicence Greek Letters nationallicence α : Tie line slope nationallicence η : Tie line parameter nationallicence λ : Corey exponent for Leverett J-function nationallicence μ j : Viscosity of phase j nationallicence ξ : Tie line intercept nationallicence ρ j : Density of phase j nationallicence Δρ : Density difference between the wetting and nonwetting phases nationallicence σ : Interfacial tension nationallicence σ0 : Interfacial tension between pure brine and octane nationallicence ϕ : Porosity nationallicence Subscripts nationallicence i : Component nationallicence j : Phase nationallicence A : Alcohol nationallicence B : Brine nationallicence O : Octane nationallicence W : Wetting nationallicence N : Nonwetting nationallicence Superscripts nationallicence d : Displacing phase nationallicence i : Initial phase nationallicence P : Plait point nationallicence DiCarlo David National Sedimentation Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 38655, Oxford, MS, USA aut Orr Jr. Franklin Department of Petroleum Engineering, Stanford University, 94305-2220, Stanford, CA, USA aut Transport in Porous Media Kluwer Academic Publishers 69/1(2007-08-01), 13-32 0169-3913 69:1<13 2007 69 11242 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11242-006-9053-8 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11242-006-9053-8 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- DiCarlo David National Sedimentation Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 38655, Oxford, MS, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Orr Jr Franklin Department of Petroleum Engineering, Stanford University, 94305-2220, Stanford, CA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Transport in Porous Media Kluwer Academic Publishers 69/1(2007-08-01), 13-32 0169-3913 69:1<13 2007 69 11242 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer