caa a22 4500 463168429 CHVBK 20180406164806.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170326e20071201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10530-007-9098-9 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10530-007-9098-9 Premature refutation of a human-mediated marine species introduction: the case history of the marine snail Littorina littorea in the Northwestern Atlantic [Elektronische Daten] [John Chapman, James Carlton, M. Bellinger, April Blakeslee] The closely documented spread of the European periwinkle snail, Littorina littorea from Pictou, Nova Scotia in 1840 to New Jersey by 1870, its near absence in pre-European fossil deposits, and its close association with human mechanisms of transport from Europe, are among the clearest evidence of a human-mediated marine introduction ever reported. Genetic data were recently proposed as evidence that North American L. littorea predate European contact and thus, are not introduced. Review of these genetic data and all other data reveals that the simplest explanation of the modern occurrence of this snail in North America is by human introduction. Springer Science+Business Media, Inc., 2007 Littorina littorea nationallicence Invasion criteria nationallicence Genetics nationallicence Introduced species nationallicence Invasive species nationallicence Biological invasions nationallicence COI : Cytochrome oxydase I nationallicence cytb : Cytochrome b nationallicence ITS : Internal transcribed spacer region nationallicence Chapman John Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, Hatfield Marine Science Center, 2030 SE Marine Science Dr., 97365-5296, Newport, OR, USA aut Carlton James Maritime Studies Program, Williams College—Mystic Seaport, 75 Greenmanville Ave., P.O. Box 6000, 06355, Mystic, CT, USA aut Bellinger M. Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, Hatfield Marine Science Center, 2030 SE Marine Science Dr., 97365-5296, Newport, OR, USA aut Blakeslee April Department of Zoology, University of New Hampshire, Rudman Hall, 46 College Road, 03824, Durham, NH, USA aut Biological Invasions Springer Netherlands 9/8(2007-12-01), 995-1008 1387-3547 9:8<995 2007 9 10530 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-007-9098-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-007-9098-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Chapman John Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, Hatfield Marine Science Center, 2030 SE Marine Science Dr., 97365-5296, Newport, OR, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Carlton James Maritime Studies Program, Williams College—Mystic Seaport, 75 Greenmanville Ave., P.O. Box 6000, 06355, Mystic, CT, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bellinger M. Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, Hatfield Marine Science Center, 2030 SE Marine Science Dr., 97365-5296, Newport, OR, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Blakeslee April Department of Zoology, University of New Hampshire, Rudman Hall, 46 College Road, 03824, Durham, NH, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Biological Invasions Springer Netherlands 9/8(2007-12-01), 995-1008 1387-3547 9:8<995 2007 9 10530 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence SWISSBIB 463167961 BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer