caa a22 4500 463175484 CHVBK 20180406164824.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170326e20071201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10336-007-0175-8 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10336-007-0175-8 Cockrem John Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand aut Stress, corticosterone responses and avian personalities [Elektronische Daten] [John Cockrem] Birds are constantly responding to stimuli from their environment. When these stimuli are perceived as threatening, stress responses are initiated, with activation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis and the release of corticosterone from the adrenal gland. The basic emotion of fear is also experienced during a stress response. Corticosterone stress responses and behavioural responses to stimuli vary markedly between individual birds, raising questions about the significance of these individual differences and about the relationship between corticosterone responses and fearfulness in birds. Although fearfulness can be challenging to measure, data from several species indicate that corticosterone responses and fear behaviour responses are linked in individual birds. Consistent profiles of behavioural responses of birds to a wide range of stimuli can be identified and are called personalities. Personalities vary along a continuum, but are usually classified as proactive or reactive. Individual corticosterone and behaviour responses depend on each bird's personality. Birds with proactive personalities have relatively active behavioural responses and relatively low corticosterone stress responses, whilst birds with reactive personalities have relatively passive behavioural responses and large corticosterone responses. Relationships between the physiological and behavioural characteristics of avian personalities can now be explored in detail to determine the significance of individual differences in stress responses and personalities in birds. Dt. Ornithologen-Gesellschaft e.V., 2007 Corticosterone nationallicence Stress nationallicence Fear nationallicence Personality nationallicence Behaviour nationallicence Japanese quail nationallicence Great tit nationallicence Chicken nationallicence Adelie penguin nationallicence Journal of Ornithology Springer-Verlag 148(2007-12-01), 169-178 0021-8375 148<169 2007 148 10336 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-007-0175-8 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 review-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-007-0175-8 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Cockrem John Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Journal of Ornithology Springer-Verlag 148(2007-12-01), 169-178 0021-8375 148<169 2007 148 10336 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer