caa a22 4500 463185498 CHVBK 20180406164851.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170326e20070401xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00726-006-0375-1 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00726-006-0375-1 Taurine release in mouse brain stem slices under cell-damaging conditions [Elektronische Daten] [P. Saransaari, S. S. Oja] Summary.: Taurine has been thought to be essential for the development and survival of neural cells and to protect them under cell-damaging conditions. In the brain stem taurine regulates many vital functions, including cardiovascular control and arterial blood pressure. We have recently characterized the release of taurine in the adult and developing brain stem under normal conditions. Now we studied the properties of preloaded [3H]taurine release under various cell-damaging conditions (hypoxia, hypoglycemia, ischemia, the presence of metabolic poisons and free radicals) in slices prepared from the mouse brain stem from developing (7-day-old) and young adult (3-month-old) mice, using a superfusion system. Taurine release was greatly enhanced under these cell-damaging conditions, the only exception being the presence of free radicals in both age groups. The ischemia-induced release was characterized to consist of both Ca2+-dependent and -independent components. Moreover, the release was mediated by Na+-, Cl−-dependent transporters operating outwards, particularly in the immature brain stem. Cl− channel antagonists reduced the release at both ages, indicating that a part of the release occurs through ion channels, and protein kinase C appeared to be involved. The release was also modulated by cyclic GMP second messenger systems, since inhibitors of soluble guanylyl cyclase and phosphodiesterases suppressed ischemic taurine release. The inhibition of phospholipases also reduced taurine release at both ages. This ischemia-induced taurine release could constitute an important mechanism against excitotoxicity, protecting the brain stem under cell-damaging conditions. Springer-Verlag, 2006 Keywords: Taurine release - Cell-damaging conditions - Ischemia - Ion channel inhibitors - Second messengers - Ca2+-dependency - Brain stem slices - Adult and developing mice nationallicence 9-AC : 9-antracenecarboxylate nationallicence cAMP : cyclic adenosine monophosphate nationallicence cGMP : cyclic guanosine monophosphate nationallicence ATPase : adenosine triphosphatase nationallicence DIDS : diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2′-disulphonate nationallicence DNP : 2,4-dinitrophenol nationallicence GABA : γ-aminobutyrate nationallicence GAT : GABA transporter nationallicence H-7 : (+)-1-(5-isoquinolinesulphonyl)-2-methylpiperazine nationallicence Hepes : N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N′-2-ethanesulphonic acid nationallicence IBMX : 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine nationallicence ODQ : 1H-(1,2,4)oxadiazolo(4,3-a)quinoxalin-1-one nationallicence PDE : phosphodiesterase nationallicence PMA : 4β-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate nationallicence PKC : protein kinase C nationallicence RO 20-1724 : 4-(3-butoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-imidazolidone nationallicence SITS : 4-acetamido-4′-isothiocyanostilbene-2,2′-disulphonate nationallicence Saransaari P. Tampere Brain Research Center, Medical School, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland aut Oja S. S. Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland aut Amino Acids Springer-Verlag 32/3(2007-04-01), 439-446 0939-4451 32:3<439 2007 32 726 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-006-0375-1 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-006-0375-1 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Saransaari P. Tampere Brain Research Center, Medical School, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Oja S. S. Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Amino Acids Springer-Verlag 32/3(2007-04-01), 439-446 0939-4451 32:3<439 2007 32 726 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer