caa a22 4500 463195051 CHVBK 20180406164920.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170326e20071201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10669-007-9064-1 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10669-007-9064-1 Occupational risk from static magnetic fields of MRI scanners [Elektronische Daten] [Jolanta Karpowicz, Maila Hietanen, Krzysztof Gryz] The health care staff operating magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners are exposed to static magnetic field of significant spatial heterogenity and high level of flux density—usually existing permanently during the shift. The personnel can also be exposed to pulses of magnetic field of high rate of rise/fall, so-called gradient fields, which exist only during examination of patients. The level of workers' exposure depends both on the type of the magnet and on the ergonomical characteristic of design of the particular MRI scanner. This paper presents the current state of the art on occupational exposure to static magnetic field health effects, gaps in scientific data, MRI workers' exposure characteristics, research needs, and suggestions for the exposure assessment protocol for future investigations. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2007 Diagnostic examination nationallicence Electromagnetic fields nationallicence Exposure assessment nationallicence Health care staff nationallicence MRI nationallicence Occupational exposure nationallicence Static magnetic fields nationallicence Karpowicz Jolanta Laboratory of Electromagnetic Hazards, Central Institute for Labour Protection - National Research Institute (CIOP-PIB), Czerniakowska str. 16, 00-701, Warszawa, Poland aut Hietanen Maila Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH), Helsinki, Finland aut Gryz Krzysztof Laboratory of Electromagnetic Hazards, Central Institute for Labour Protection - National Research Institute (CIOP-PIB), Czerniakowska str. 16, 00-701, Warszawa, Poland aut The Environmentalist Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 27/4(2007-12-01), 533-538 0251-1088 27:4<533 2007 27 10669 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10669-007-9064-1 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10669-007-9064-1 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Karpowicz Jolanta Laboratory of Electromagnetic Hazards, Central Institute for Labour Protection - National Research Institute (CIOP-PIB), Czerniakowska str. 16, 00-701, Warszawa, Poland aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hietanen Maila Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH), Helsinki, Finland aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Gryz Krzysztof Laboratory of Electromagnetic Hazards, Central Institute for Labour Protection - National Research Institute (CIOP-PIB), Czerniakowska str. 16, 00-701, Warszawa, Poland aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- The Environmentalist Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 27/4(2007-12-01), 533-538 0251-1088 27:4<533 2007 27 10669 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer