caa a22 4500 463195272 CHVBK 20180406164921.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170326e20070601xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10669-007-9001-3 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10669-007-9001-3 Concentration and chemical speciation for the determination of Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb and Cd from refuse dump soils using the optimized BCR sequential extraction procedure [Elektronische Daten] [I. Umoren, A. Udoh, I. Udousoro] The optimized BCR sequential extraction procedure (proposed by the Standards, Measurements and Testing Programme (SM&T) of the European Union) was applied to seven topsoil samples from refuse dump sites for the determination of Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb and Cd. The metals were partitioned into four operationally defined chemical fractions: acid extractable, reducible, oxidizable and residual, and analysed using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry, FAAS. The results were compared with total metal concentrations obtained using HNO3, HClO4 and HF digestion procedures. Results for total metal analysis ranged from - 15.55 to 43.45 for Cu, 37.15 to 222.35 for Zn, 5.15 to 12.10 for Ni, 10.30 to 93.05 for Pb and 0.35 to 3.75 for Cd in μgg−1 dry weight. The results of the partitioning study showed that zinc prevailed in the more soluble fractions and was distributed between the acid-extractable (32.4%) and the reducible (40.3%) fractions, whereas Pb was distributed mainly in the reducible fraction. Copper and nickel were predominantly associated with the reducible and residual fractions - 53.4, 33.3 and 51.1, 24.1% respectively. The ranking of the four fractions for the partitioning of cadmium was: reducible > residual > oxidizable > acid extractable. The percentage recovery for all metals when comparing total metal concentration with the fractional sum of the optimized BCR procedure, were of the order: Zn(93%) > Pb(83%) > Cu(78) > Cd > (68%) > Ni(63%). Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2007 Fraction nationallicence Heavy metals nationallicence Optimized BCR nationallicence Partitioning nationallicence Speciation nationallicence Umoren I. Department of Chemistry, University of Uyo, P.M.B. 1017, Uyo, Nigeria aut Udoh A. Department of Chemistry, University of Uyo, P.M.B. 1017, Uyo, Nigeria aut Udousoro I. Department of Chemistry, University of Uyo, P.M.B. 1017, Uyo, Nigeria aut The Environmentalist Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers; http://www.springer-ny.com 27/2(2007-06-01), 241-252 0251-1088 27:2<241 2007 27 10669 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10669-007-9001-3 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10669-007-9001-3 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Umoren I. Department of Chemistry, University of Uyo, P.M.B. 1017, Uyo, Nigeria aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Udoh A. Department of Chemistry, University of Uyo, P.M.B. 1017, Uyo, Nigeria aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Udousoro I. Department of Chemistry, University of Uyo, P.M.B. 1017, Uyo, Nigeria aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- The Environmentalist Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers; http://www.springer-ny.com 27/2(2007-06-01), 241-252 0251-1088 27:2<241 2007 27 10669 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer