caa a22 4500 463198980 CHVBK 20180406164930.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170326e20070201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00276-006-0172-2 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00276-006-0172-2 Superior phrenic artery: an anatomic study [Elektronische Daten] [Marios Loukas, Robert Louis Jr., Christopher Wartmann, R. Tubbs, Ehsan Esmaeili, Allyson Bagenholm, William Merbs, Brian Curry, Robert Jordan] The majority of anatomical textbooks offer very little information concerning the anatomy and distribution of the superior phrenic artery (SPA). However, in the last decade, a number of reports have appeared with reference to the transcatheter arterial chemoembolization of the collateral arterial supply of hepatic carcinoma (HC). Considering the potential role of the SPA as a source of collateral blood supply to HC, the aim of this study was to identify the origin and distribution of the SPA. One hundred formalin-fixed adult cadavers with no evidence of significant gross diaphragmatic pathology were examined. The right SPA originated from the aorta (R1) in 42%, as a branch of the proximal segment of the 10th intercostal artery (R2) in 33%, and as a branch of the distal segment of the 10th intercostal artery (R3) in 25%, of the specimens. The left SPA originated from the aorta (L1) in 51%, from proximal segment of the left 10th intercostal artery (L2) in 40%, and from the distal segment of the left 10th intercostal artery (L3) in 9%, of the specimens. In types R1, R2, L1 and L2 the SPA terminated, after a short course, within the medial and posterosuperior surfaces of the thoracic diaphragm and diaphragmatic crura. Conversely, in types R3 and L3 the lateral origin of the SPAs confined the ultimate distribution of the vessels to the posterior surface of the diaphragm. These findings could provide a better understanding of the anatomy and distribution of the arterial supply of the diaphragm and the potential involvement of the right SPA as an extrahepatic collateral artery developed in HC. Springer-Verlag, 2006 Superior phrenic artery nationallicence Transarterial chemoembolization nationallicence Liver nationallicence Hepatic carcinoma nationallicence Diaphragmatic vascularization nationallicence Intercostal artery nationallicence Loukas Marios Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, St George's University, St George's, Grenada, West Indies aut Louis Jr. Robert Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, St George's University, St George's, Grenada, West Indies aut Wartmann Christopher Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, St George's University, St George's, Grenada, West Indies aut Tubbs R. Department of Cell Biology and Pediatric Neurosurgery, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA aut Esmaeili Ehsan Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, St George's University, St George's, Grenada, West Indies aut Bagenholm Allyson Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, St George's University, St George's, Grenada, West Indies aut Merbs William Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, St George's University, St George's, Grenada, West Indies aut Curry Brian Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, St George's University, St George's, Grenada, West Indies aut Jordan Robert Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, St George's University, St George's, Grenada, West Indies aut Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy Springer-Verlag 29/1(2007-02-01), 97-102 0930-1038 29:1<97 2007 29 276 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-006-0172-2 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-006-0172-2 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Loukas Marios Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, St George's University, St George's, Grenada, West Indies aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Louis Jr Robert Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, St George's University, St George's, Grenada, West Indies aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Wartmann Christopher Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, St George's University, St George's, Grenada, West Indies aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Tubbs R. Department of Cell Biology and Pediatric Neurosurgery, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Esmaeili Ehsan Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, St George's University, St George's, Grenada, West Indies aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bagenholm Allyson Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, St George's University, St George's, Grenada, West Indies aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Merbs William Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, St George's University, St George's, Grenada, West Indies aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Curry Brian Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, St George's University, St George's, Grenada, West Indies aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Jordan Robert Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, St George's University, St George's, Grenada, West Indies aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy Springer-Verlag 29/1(2007-02-01), 97-102 0930-1038 29:1<97 2007 29 276 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer