caa a22 4500 463199723 CHVBK 20180405153108.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170326e20071201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00276-007-0269-2 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00276-007-0269-2 Posterior distraction forces of the posterior longitudinal ligament stratified according to vertebral level [Elektronische Daten] [R. Tubbs, Marios Loukas, April Phantana-Angkool, Mohammadali Shoja, Mohammad Ardalan, Ghaffar Shokouhi, W. Oakes] Introduction: Although considered significant in resisting midline intervertebral disc herniation, the posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL) has had relatively few studies performed regarding its morphology and function. We performed the present experiment to discern the amount of posterior tensile force necessary to disrupt the PLL at each vertebral level. Materials and methods: Twenty-five adult cadavers underwent laminectomies of vertebrae C1 to S1. After removal of the spinal cord, nerve roots, and dura mater, the PLL was identified for each vertebral level and a steel wire placed around its waist in the midline and a tensile gauge attached and posterior tension applied perpendicular to the spine. Forces necessary to failure of the PLL were noted for each vertebral level. Results: The PLL was found to be stronger in the thoracic spine compared to the cervical and lumbar vertebrae (P<0.05). Dividing the vertebral levels in this manner, we found an average posterior distraction force to failure of 48.3N in the cervical region, 61.3N in the thoracic region, and 48.8N in the lumbar region. Conclusions: These findings support clinical observations that thoracic disc herniation is rare. We hypothesize that this clinical observation is partially due to a stronger PLL in the thoracic spine. Springer-Verlag, 2007 Anatomy nationallicence Spine nationallicence Posterior longitudinal ligament nationallicence Pathology nationallicence Intervertebral disc herniation nationallicence Tubbs R. Department of Cell Biology, Section Pediatric Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA aut Loukas Marios Department of Anatomical Sciences, St. George's University, St George's, Grenada aut Phantana-Angkool April University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA aut Shoja Mohammadali Department of Anatomy and Neurosurgery, Tabriz Medical University, Tabriz, Iran aut Ardalan Mohammad Department of Nephrology, Tabriz Medical University, Tabriz, Iran aut Shokouhi Ghaffar Department of Anatomy and Neurosurgery, Tabriz Medical University, Tabriz, Iran aut Oakes W. Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital, 1600 7th Avenue South ACC 400, 35233, Birmingham, AL, USA aut Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy Springer-Verlag 29/8(2007-12-01), 667-670 0930-1038 29:8<667 2007 29 276 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-007-0269-2 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-007-0269-2 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Tubbs R. Department of Cell Biology, Section Pediatric Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Loukas Marios Department of Anatomical Sciences, St. George's University, St George's, Grenada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Phantana-Angkool April University of Alabama at Birmingham, School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Shoja Mohammadali Department of Anatomy and Neurosurgery, Tabriz Medical University, Tabriz, Iran aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ardalan Mohammad Department of Nephrology, Tabriz Medical University, Tabriz, Iran aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Shokouhi Ghaffar Department of Anatomy and Neurosurgery, Tabriz Medical University, Tabriz, Iran aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Oakes W. Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital, 1600 7th Avenue South ACC 400, 35233, Birmingham, AL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy Springer-Verlag 29/8(2007-12-01), 667-670 0930-1038 29:8<667 2007 29 276 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer