caa a22 4500 463209214 CHVBK 20180405153135.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170326e20070901xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10705-007-9113-7 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10705-007-9113-7 Crop residue, manure and fertilizer in dryland maize under reduced tillage in northern China: I grain yields and nutrient use efficiencies [Elektronische Daten] [Xiaobin Wang, Dianxiong Cai, Willem Hoogmoed, Udo Perdok, Oene Oenema] The rapidly increasing population and associated quest for food and feed in China has led to increased soil cultivation and nitrogen (N) fertilizer use, and as a consequence to increased wind erosion and unbalanced crop nutrition. In the study presented here, we explored the long-term effects of various combinations of maize stover, cattle manure and nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilizer applications on maize (Zea mays L.) yield and nutrient and water use efficiencies under reduced tillage practices. In a companion paper, we present the effects on nutrient balances and soil fertility characteristics. The ongoing factorial field trial was conducted at Shouyang Dryland Farming Experimental Station in northern China from 1993 onwards. The incomplete, determinant-optimal design comprised 12 treatments, including a control treatment, in duplicate. Grain yields and N, P, and potassium (K) uptakes and N, P and K use efficiencies were greatly influenced by the amount of rain during the growing season (GSR), and by soil water at sowing (SWS). There were highly significant interactions between GSR and added stover and manure, expressed in complex annual variations in grain yield and N, P and K use efficiencies. Annual mean grain yields ranged from 3,000kgha−1 to 10,000kgha−1 and treatment mean yields from 4,500kgha−1 to 7,000kgha−1. Balanced combination of stover (3,000-6,000kg), manure (1,500-6,000kg) and N fertilizer (105kg) gave the highest yield. Stover and manure were important for supplying K, but the effects differed greatly between years. Overall mean N recovery efficiency (NRE) ranged from 28% to 54%, depending on N source. NRE in wet years ranged from 50% to 90%. In conclusion, balanced combinations of stover, manure and NP fertilizer gave the highest yield and NRE. Reduced tillage with adding stover and manure in autumn prior to ploughing is effective in minimizing labor requirement and wind erosion. The potentials of split applications of N fertilizer, targeted to the need of the growing crop (response farming), should be explored to further increase the N use efficiency. Springer Science+Business Media B.V., 2007 Crop residue nationallicence Dryland nationallicence Fertilizer nationallicence Maize nationallicence Manure nationallicence Nitrogen nationallicence Nutrient management nationallicence Nutrient use efficiency nationallicence Phosphorus nationallicence Potassium nationallicence Water use efficiency nationallicence Wang Xiaobin Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Nutrient Cycling, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie, 100081, Beijing, China aut Cai Dianxiong Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Nutrient Cycling, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie, 100081, Beijing, China aut Hoogmoed Willem Farm Technology Group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 43, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands aut Perdok Udo Farm Technology Group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 43, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands aut Oenema Oene Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8005, 6700 EC, Wageningen, The Netherlands aut Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems Kluwer Academic Publishers 79/1(2007-09-01), 1-16 1385-1314 79:1<1 2007 79 10705 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-007-9113-7 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-007-9113-7 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Wang Xiaobin Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Nutrient Cycling, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie, 100081, Beijing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Cai Dianxiong Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Nutrient Cycling, 12 Zhongguancun Nandajie, 100081, Beijing, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hoogmoed Willem Farm Technology Group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 43, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Perdok Udo Farm Technology Group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 43, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Oenema Oene Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8005, 6700 EC, Wageningen, The Netherlands aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems Kluwer Academic Publishers 79/1(2007-09-01), 1-16 1385-1314 79:1<1 2007 79 10705 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence SWISSBIB 463209141 BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer