caa a22 4500 463213009 CHVBK 20180405153147.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170326e20071201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00339-007-4221-4 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00339-007-4221-4 Limitations of portable XRF implementations in evaluating depth information: an archaeometric perspective [Elektronische Daten] [A. Gianoncelli, G. Kourousias] Portable instruments that can perform non-destructive analysis techniques are of great importance due to their high applicability, which can extend beyond the controlled laboratory environment. Their importance has long been recognised in the archaeometric field where art historians, conservators and restorers perform analyses on art works without causing any damage and without the need to move the objects to specialized laboratories. The X-ray fluorescence (XRF) technique is a popular choice in the archaeometric field for in situ investigations with portable instrumentations. This enables qualitative (elemental analysis) and quantitative (chemical composition) information retrieval from the objects of interest. Quantitative analyses can be performed under the assumption that the sample is homogeneous and its surface material is the same as in the rest of the object. This work aims to expose various details, including the strengths and the weaknesses of typical XRF analyses in the case of surface alterations, focusing on portable implementations. The chosen approach will be in line with certain issues considered important in archaeometry; nevertheless the presented findings are valid beyond this. We will focus our discussion on two kinds of objects that can be found in the cultural heritage field: artefacts that had their surface material altered due to prolonged exposure to the environment and artefacts that have been gilded. Our work also includes a critically examined overview of relevant information available in the literature. The core of our analysis focuses on two main distinct cases, that of multilayer objects and that of bronzes. Springer-Verlag, 2007 Gianoncelli A. Centre de Recherche et de Restauration des Musées de France, CNRS - UMR 171, Palais du Louvre, Porte des Lions, 14 Quai François Mitterand, 75001, Paris, France aut Kourousias G. School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King's College London, University of London, Strand, WC2R 2LS, London, UK aut Applied Physics A Springer-Verlag 89/4(2007-12-01), 857-863 0947-8396 89:4<857 2007 89 339 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-007-4221-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-007-4221-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Gianoncelli A. Centre de Recherche et de Restauration des Musées de France, CNRS - UMR 171, Palais du Louvre, Porte des Lions, 14 Quai François Mitterand, 75001, Paris, France aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kourousias G. School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King's College London, University of London, Strand, WC2R 2LS, London, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Applied Physics A Springer-Verlag 89/4(2007-12-01), 857-863 0947-8396 89:4<857 2007 89 339 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer