caa a22 4500 463221680 CHVBK 20180405153214.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170326e20070801xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10853-006-1474-9 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10853-006-1474-9 Macro, micro and nanostructure of TiO2 anodised films prepared in a fluorine-containing electrolyte [Elektronische Daten] [Angkhana Jaroenworaluck, Domenico Regonini, Chris Bowen, Ron Stevens, Duncan Allsopp] The paper presents an electron microscopy study of the macro, micro and nanostructure of titania nano-tubes formed by electrochemical anodisation of titanium in a fluorine containing electrolyte. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is used to examine the overall structure of the nano-tubes formed under potentiostatic conditions. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has been used to examine the structure of the oxide layer of a sample anodised for a relatively short period (30min) and provides a new insight into the formation of titania nano-tubes. The fluorine ions are able to nucleate sites on the titanium metal and generate a series of interconnected cavities or pores in the oxide complex formed, allowing current to flow within this film. Under specific conditions the cavities and randomly dispersed pores can align in the direction of the applied electric field and link up to generate an array of tubes, where the passage of ions and water is optimised. We also suggest that oxygen evolution at the anode may play a role in the development of the nano-tubes. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2007 Jaroenworaluck Angkhana MTEC: National Metal and Materials Technology Center, 114 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Rd., Klong 1, 12120, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, Thailand aut Regonini Domenico Materials Research Centre, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Claverton Down Road, BA2 7AY, Bath, UK aut Bowen Chris Materials Research Centre, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Claverton Down Road, BA2 7AY, Bath, UK aut Stevens Ron Materials Research Centre, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Claverton Down Road, BA2 7AY, Bath, UK aut Allsopp Duncan Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Bath, Claverton Down Road, BA2 7AY, Bath, UK aut Journal of Materials Science Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers; http://www.springer-ny.com 42/16(2007-08-01), 6729-6734 0022-2461 42:16<6729 2007 42 10853 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-006-1474-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-006-1474-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Jaroenworaluck Angkhana MTEC: National Metal and Materials Technology Center, 114 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Rd., Klong 1, 12120, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, Thailand aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Regonini Domenico Materials Research Centre, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Claverton Down Road, BA2 7AY, Bath, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bowen Chris Materials Research Centre, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Claverton Down Road, BA2 7AY, Bath, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Stevens Ron Materials Research Centre, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Claverton Down Road, BA2 7AY, Bath, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Allsopp Duncan Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Bath, Claverton Down Road, BA2 7AY, Bath, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Journal of Materials Science Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers; http://www.springer-ny.com 42/16(2007-08-01), 6729-6734 0022-2461 42:16<6729 2007 42 10853 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer