caa a22 4500 463221729 CHVBK 20180405153214.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170326e20070801xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10853-006-1327-6 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10853-006-1327-6 Exploring the relationship between ferrite fraction and morphology and the electromagnetic properties of steel [Elektronische Daten] [W. Yin, A. Peyton, M. Strangwood, C. Davis] The link between the electromagnetic properties of steel and its microstructure is a complex one, depending on both phase fractions and morphology. In this paper, both analytical and three-dimensional finite element (3D FEM) modelling techniques were applied to the prediction of permeability for steel with a given ferrite fraction for random ferrite/austenite distributions. Experimental measurements from a multi-frequency electromagnetic sensor on samples generated by hot isostatic pressing (HIPping) of powder mixtures were used to evaluate the analytical and FEM predictions. Theoretical treatment of the relationship between the sensor output and the effective permeability is also given; in particular, it was found that the zero crossing frequency of the real part of the inductance is approximately linearly related to the permeability for high (>40%) ferrite percentages. The EM sensor can therefore be used to identify the samples across the full range (0-100%) of ferrite percentages using both the zero crossing frequency (>40%) and trans-impedance (0-40%). The effect of banded (non-random) microstructures on sensor output and the prediction of the upper and lower bounds of permeability are also discussed. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2007 Yin W. School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Manchester, M60 1QD, Manchester, UK aut Peyton A. School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Manchester, M60 1QD, Manchester, UK aut Strangwood M. Department of Metallurgy and Materials, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, Birmingham, UK aut Davis C. Department of Metallurgy and Materials, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, Birmingham, UK aut Journal of Materials Science Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers; http://www.springer-ny.com 42/16(2007-08-01), 6854-6861 0022-2461 42:16<6854 2007 42 10853 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-006-1327-6 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-006-1327-6 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Yin W. School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Manchester, M60 1QD, Manchester, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Peyton A. School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Manchester, M60 1QD, Manchester, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Strangwood M. Department of Metallurgy and Materials, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, Birmingham, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Davis C. Department of Metallurgy and Materials, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, Birmingham, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Journal of Materials Science Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers; http://www.springer-ny.com 42/16(2007-08-01), 6854-6861 0022-2461 42:16<6854 2007 42 10853 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer