caa a22 4500 46322650X CHVBK 20180405153228.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170326e20070901xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10853-006-1245-7 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10853-006-1245-7 Role of metal additives in mechanochemical phase transformation of zirconia [Elektronische Daten] [Garegin Karagedov, Svetlana Shatskaya, Nikolai Lyakhov] Reasons for a phase transition in zirconia subjected to intensive mechanical treatment in planetary mill have been considered. If steel balls and vials are used for milling the comminution is accompanied by oxidation of wear metal particles and successive mechanochemical reaction with ZrO2. Aluminum has been shown to behave similarly and, being deliberately added to zirconia powder, to form solid solutions. Foreign metal cations introduced into the lattice stabilize a modification with higher crystal symmetry thus increasing the threshold size above which the monoclinic modification is stable. An increase of surface energy contribution to the Gibbs' energy of zirconia plays an important role in phase transformation at the initial stages of mechanical treatment, while henceforth thermodynamic stability is more and more determined by the stabilizing effect of the impurity cations. Under the conditions that rule out contamination of ZrO2 with wear material or other metal additives, dynamic equilibrium sets in between the direct transition to the tetragonal phase and the reverse transition to the monoclinic form. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2007 Karagedov Garegin Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kutateladze 18, 630128, Novosibirsk, Russia aut Shatskaya Svetlana Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kutateladze 18, 630128, Novosibirsk, Russia aut Lyakhov Nikolai Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kutateladze 18, 630128, Novosibirsk, Russia aut Journal of Materials Science Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers; http://www.springer-ny.com 42/18(2007-09-01), 7964-7971 0022-2461 42:18<7964 2007 42 10853 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-006-1245-7 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-006-1245-7 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Karagedov Garegin Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kutateladze 18, 630128, Novosibirsk, Russia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Shatskaya Svetlana Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kutateladze 18, 630128, Novosibirsk, Russia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Lyakhov Nikolai Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kutateladze 18, 630128, Novosibirsk, Russia aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Journal of Materials Science Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers; http://www.springer-ny.com 42/18(2007-09-01), 7964-7971 0022-2461 42:18<7964 2007 42 10853 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer