caa a22 4500 463238354 CHVBK 20180405153305.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170326e20070501xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11259-006-3543-6 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11259-006-3543-6 Pharmacokinetics of Tilmicosin (Provitil Powder and Pulmotil Liquid AC) Oral Formulations in Chickens [Elektronische Daten] [E. Abu-Basha, N. Idkaidek, A. Al-Shunnaq] A bioavailability and pharmacokinetics study of powder and liquid tilmicosin formulations was carried out in 18 healthy chickens according to a single-dose, two-period, two-sequence, crossover randomized design. The two formulations were Provitil and Pulmotil AC. Both drugs were administered to each chicken after an overnight fast on two treatment days separated by a 2-week washout period. A modified rapid and sensitive HPLC method was used for determination of tilmicosin concentrations in chicken plasma. Various pharmacokinetic parameters including area under plasma concentration-time curve (AUC0−72), maximum plasma concentration (C max), time to peak concentration (t max), elimination half-life (t 1/2β), elimination rate (k el), clearance (ClB), mean residence time (MRT) and volume of distribution (V d,area) were determined for both formulations. The average means of AUC0−72 for Provitil and Pulmotil AC were very close (24.24 ± 3.86, 21.82 ± 3.14 (μg.h)/ml, respectively), with no significant differences based on ANOVA. The relative bioavailability of Provitil as compared to Pulmotil AC was 111%. In addition, there were no significant differences in the C max  (2.09 ± 0.37, 2.12 ± 0.40 μg/ml), t max  (3.99 ± 0.84, 5.82 ± 1.04 h), t 1/2β (47.4 ± 9.32, 45.0 ± 5.73 h), k el (0.021 ± 0.0037, 0.022 ± 0.0038 h−1), ClB (19.73 ± 3.73, 21.37 ± 4.54 ml/(min/kg)), MRT (71.20 ± 12.87, 67.15 ± 9.01 h) and V d,area (1024.8 ± 87.5, 1009.8 ± 79.5 ml/kg) between Pulmotil AC and Provitil, respectively. In conclusion, tilmicosin was rapidly absorbed and slowly eliminated after oral administration of single dose of tilmicosin aqueous and powder formulations. Provitil and Pulmotil AC can be used as interchangeable therapeutic agents. Springer Science + Business Media, Inc., 2007 bioavailability nationallicence chicken nationallicence HPLC nationallicence tilmicosin nationallicence pharmacokinetics nationallicence AUC : area under plasma concentration-time curve nationallicence ClB : clearance nationallicence C max : maximum plasma concentration nationallicence K el : elimination rate nationallicence MRT : mean residence time nationallicence t 1/2β : elimination half-life nationallicence t max : time to peak concentration nationallicence V d ,area : volume of distribution nationallicence Abu-Basha E. Department of Veterinary Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan aut Idkaidek N. Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan aut Al-Shunnaq A. Department of Veterinary Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan aut Veterinary Research Communications Kluwer Academic Publishers 31/4(2007-05-01), 477-485 0165-7380 31:4<477 2007 31 11259 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-006-3543-6 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-006-3543-6 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Abu-Basha E. Department of Veterinary Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Idkaidek N. Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Al-Shunnaq A. Department of Veterinary Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Veterinary Research Communications Kluwer Academic Publishers 31/4(2007-05-01), 477-485 0165-7380 31:4<477 2007 31 11259 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer