caa a22 4500 463238737 CHVBK 20180405153306.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170326e20070201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11259-006-3387-0 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11259-006-3387-0 Immunopathology of Dirofilaria immitis Infection [Elektronische Daten] [F. Simón, L. Kramer, A. Román, W. Blasini, R. Morchón, C. Marcos-Atxutegi, G. Grandi, C. Genchi] Heartworm disease caused by Dirofilaria immitis affects canine and feline hosts, with infections occasionally being reported in humans. Studies have shown that both dirofilarial antigens and those derived from its bacterial endosymbiont Wolbachia, interact with the host organism during canine, feline and human infections and participate in the development of the pathology and in the regulation of the host's immune response. Both innate and acquired immune responses are observed and the development of the acquired response may depend on the host and, or on its parasitological status. This review aims at illustrating current research on the role of both D. immitis and Wolbachia, in the immunology and immunopathology of dirofilariosis. Springer Science + Business Media, Inc., 2007 canine nationallicence feline and human infections nationallicence D. immitis nationallicence inflammatory reactions nationallicence pro- and antiinflammatory cytokine expression nationallicence TH1 and TH2-type response nationallicence Wolbachia endosymbionts nationallicence Dipp : Dirofilaria immitis derived peptides nationallicence GroEl : heat-shock protein of D. immitis (hsp60) nationallicence iNOs : inducible nitric oxide synthase nationallicence IL : interleukin nationallicence LPS : lipopolysacharide nationallicence L3 : third-stage larvae nationallicence TGF-β : transforming growth factor β nationallicence TNF-α : tumour necrosis factor α nationallicence WSP : Wolbachia surface protein nationallicence Simón F. Laboratorio de Parasitología, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain aut Kramer L. Dipt. Di Produzione Animale, Università di Parma, Parma aut Román A. Laboratorio de Parasitología, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain aut Blasini W. Laboratorio de Parasitología, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain aut Morchón R. Laboratorio de Parasitología, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain aut Marcos-Atxutegi C. Laboratorio de Parasitología, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain aut Grandi G. Dipt. Di Produzione Animale, Università di Parma, Parma aut Genchi C. DIPAV-Sezione di Patologia Generale e Parassitologia Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy aut Veterinary Research Communications Kluwer Academic Publishers 31/2(2007-02-01), 161-171 0165-7380 31:2<161 2007 31 11259 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-006-3387-0 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-006-3387-0 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Simón F. Laboratorio de Parasitología, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kramer L. Dipt. Di Produzione Animale, Università di Parma, Parma aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Román A. Laboratorio de Parasitología, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Blasini W. Laboratorio de Parasitología, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Morchón R. Laboratorio de Parasitología, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Marcos-Atxutegi C. Laboratorio de Parasitología, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Grandi G. Dipt. Di Produzione Animale, Università di Parma, Parma aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Genchi C. DIPAV-Sezione di Patologia Generale e Parassitologia Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Veterinary Research Communications Kluwer Academic Publishers 31/2(2007-02-01), 161-171 0165-7380 31:2<161 2007 31 11259 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer