caa a22 4500 463238788 CHVBK 20180405153306.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170326e20070201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11259-006-3446-6 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11259-006-3446-6 Mills P. School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia aut Vehicle Effects on the In Vitro Penetration of Testosterone through Equine Skin [Elektronische Daten] [P. Mills] The effects of three vehicles, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), ethanol (50% in PBS w/w) and propylene glycol (50% in PBS w/w) on in vitro transdermal penetration of testosterone was investigated in the horse. Skin was harvested from the thorax of five Thoroughbred horses after euthanasia and stored at −20°C until required. The skin was then defrosted and placed into Franz-type diffusion cells, which were maintained at approximately 32°C by a water bath. Saturated solutions of testosterone, containing trace amounts of radiolabelled [14C]testosterone, in each vehicle were applied to the outer (stratum corneum) surface of each skin sample and aliquots of receptor fluid were collected at 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 20, 22 and 24 h and analysed for testosterone by scintillation counting. The maximum flux (J max) of testosterone was significantly higher for all sites when testosterone was dissolved in a vehicle containing 50% ethanol or 50% propylene glycol, compared to PBS. In contrast, higher residues of testosterone were found remaining within the skin when PBS was used as a vehicle. This study shows that variability in clinical response to testosterone could be expected with formulation design. Springer Science + Business Media, Inc., 2007 horse nationallicence testosterone nationallicence Thoroughbred nationallicence topical nationallicence transdermal nationallicence A : the exposed cross-sectional area of the membrane nationallicence Δ C : the concentration (counts) differential between compartments nationallicence d C /d t : the steady-state rate of change in the receiver concentration (counts per min) nationallicence EtOH : ethanol nationallicence HPLC : high-performance liquid chromatography nationallicence HSD : honest significant difference nationallicence J max : maximum flux of testosterone nationallicence k P : permeability coefficient nationallicence PBS : phosphate-buffered saline nationallicence PG : propylene glycol nationallicence V R : receiver volume nationallicence Veterinary Research Communications Kluwer Academic Publishers 31/2(2007-02-01), 227-233 0165-7380 31:2<227 2007 31 11259 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-006-3446-6 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-006-3446-6 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Mills P. School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Veterinary Research Communications Kluwer Academic Publishers 31/2(2007-02-01), 227-233 0165-7380 31:2<227 2007 31 11259 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer