caa a22 4500 463254783 CHVBK 20180405153351.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170326e20070701xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10571-007-9149-x doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10571-007-9149-x Cognitive Deficits in Schizophrenia: Focus on Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors and Smoking [Elektronische Daten] [Enrique Ochoa, Jose Lasalde-Dominicci] Patients with schizophrenia present with deficits in specific areas of cognition. These are quantifiable by neuropsychological testing and can be clinically observable as negative signs. Concomitantly, they self-administer nicotine in the form of cigarette smoking. Nicotine dependence is more prevalent in this patient population when compared to other psychiatric conditions or to non-mentally ill people. The target for nicotine is the neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR). There is ample evidence that these receptors are involved in normal cognitive operations within the brain. This review describes neuronal nAChR structure and function, focusing on both cholinergic agonist-induced nAChR desensitization and nAChR up-regulation. The several mechanisms proposed for the nAChR up-regulation are examined in detail. Desensitization and up-regulation of nAChRs may be relevant to the physiopathology of schizophrenia. The participation of several subtypes of neuronal nAChRs in the cognitive processing of non-mentally ill persons and schizophrenic patients is reviewed. The role of smoking is then examined as a possible cognitive remediator in this psychiatric condition. Finally, pharmacological strategies focused on neuronal nAChRs are discussed as possible therapeutic avenues that may ameliorate the cognitive deficits of schizophrenia. Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2007 Schizophrenia nationallicence Nicotinic receptors nationallicence ACh : Acetylcholine nationallicence AES : Apathy Evaluation Scale nationallicence αBgt : α-Bungarotoxin nationallicence BPRS : Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale nationallicence DHβE : Dihydro-β-erythroidine nationallicence DMPP : 1,1-dimethyl-4-phenylpiperazinium nationallicence FDA : Food and Drug Administration nationallicence GABA : Gamma aminobutyric acid nationallicence 5-HT : 5-Hydroxytryptamine nationallicence MATRICS : Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia nationallicence NIMH : National Institute of Mental Health nationallicence MCC : Methylcarbamylcholine nationallicence nAChR : Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor nationallicence NMDA : N-methyl-d-aspartic acid nationallicence OL : Open Label nationallicence PANSS : Positive and Negative Symptom Scale for Schizophrenia nationallicence PKA : Protein kinase A nationallicence PKC : Protein kinase C nationallicence RBANS : Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological status nationallicence RCFT : Rey Complex Figure Test nationallicence RCT : Randomized Controlled Trial nationallicence SANS : Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptms in Schizoprenia nationallicence SCIP : Scale for the Assessment of Cognitive Impairment in Psychosis nationallicence SGA : Second generation antipsychotics nationallicence SN : Substantia nigra nationallicence TMA : Tetramethylammonium nationallicence VTA : Ventral tegmental area nationallicence Ochoa Enrique Department of Psychiatry, University of California at Davis, 2230 Stockton Boulevard, 95817, Sacramento, CA, USA aut Lasalde-Dominicci Jose Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, P.O. Box 23360, 00931-3360, San Juan, Puerto Rico aut Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers; http://www.springer-ny.com 27/5(2007-07-01), 609-639 0272-4340 27:5<609 2007 27 10571 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10571-007-9149-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 review-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10571-007-9149-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ochoa Enrique Department of Psychiatry, University of California at Davis, 2230 Stockton Boulevard, 95817, Sacramento, CA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Lasalde-Dominicci Jose Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, P.O. Box 23360, 00931-3360, San Juan, Puerto Rico aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers; http://www.springer-ny.com 27/5(2007-07-01), 609-639 0272-4340 27:5<609 2007 27 10571 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer