caa a22 4500 465736866 CHVBK 20180323111757.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170327e19900901xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF02245744 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF02245744 Non-smokers show acute tolerance to subcutaneous nicotine [Elektronische Daten] [Michael Russell, Martin Jarvis, Gemma Jones, Colin Feyerabend] Plasma nicotine concentrations following subcutaneous (SC) injection were measured in six subjects who included three life-long nonsmokers. On average, a peak plasma level of 8.5 ng/ml (SD=3.1) was reached 15 min after the mean dose of 13.25 µg/kg nicotine base. Subjective effects were reported by five subjects. The peak heart rate response (mean boost 11 beats per min at 10 min) preceded and was already declining by the time plasma nicotine concentrations peaked. Hysteresis plots showed clear evidence of acute nicotine tolerance in subjects who had never smoked, indicating that acute tolerance is not an acquired phenomenon. The acquisition by smokers of chronic tolerance to nicotine has not yet been systematically demonstrated. Reliable dose-response studies in smokers and nonsmokers are needed, and use of the SC route for this purpose is discussed. Springer-Verlag, 1990 Cigarette smoking nationallicence Nicotine tolerance nationallicence Nicotine pharmacokinetics nationallicence Subcutaneous dosage nationallicence Russell Michael ICRF Health Behaviour Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, 101 Denmark Hill, SE5 8AF, London, UK aut Jarvis Martin ICRF Health Behaviour Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, 101 Denmark Hill, SE5 8AF, London, UK aut Jones Gemma Section of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, SE5 8AF, London, UK aut Feyerabend Colin Poisons Unit, New Cross Hospital, Avonley Road, SE14 5ER, London, UK aut Psychopharmacology Springer-Verlag 102/1(1990-09-01), 56-58 0033-3158 102:1<56 1990 102 213 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02245744 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02245744 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Russell Michael ICRF Health Behaviour Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, 101 Denmark Hill, SE5 8AF, London, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Jarvis Martin ICRF Health Behaviour Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, 101 Denmark Hill, SE5 8AF, London, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Jones Gemma Section of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, SE5 8AF, London, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Feyerabend Colin Poisons Unit, New Cross Hospital, Avonley Road, SE14 5ER, London, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Psychopharmacology Springer-Verlag 102/1(1990-09-01), 56-58 0033-3158 102:1<56 1990 102 213 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer