caa a22 4500 46573815X CHVBK 20180323111800.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170327e19900801xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF02244227 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF02244227 Effects of repeated injection of sublethal doses of soman on behavior and on brain acetylcholine and choline concentrations in the rat [Elektronische Daten] [Tsung-Ming Shih, David Lenz, Donald Maxwell] The effects of repeated exposure to a sublethal dose (60 µg/kg; 0.4 LD50) of soman on brain regional acetylcholine (ACh) and choline (Ch) levels, spinal cord cholinesterase (ChE) activity and on water consumption, body weight and gross behavioral changes were examined. Male rats were dosed once a week or three times a week and at 24 h after 2, 4 or 6 weeks of dosing, selected brain tissues and behavior were examined. During the 6-week period, there was no difference between control and soman-dosed rats in water consumption or body weight under either treatment regimen. The animals treated once a week adapted to this exposure regimen well. They exhibited no change in the levels of ACh or Ch in any of the brain areas when examined at the end of 2, 4 or 6 weeks, nor did they show any obvious signs of poisoning. The total ChE activity fluctuated between 70 and 100% of control. When treated three times a week, however, survivors (90%) of the somantreated rats developed signs that progressed in severity to a hyper-reactivity syndrome which consisted of an exaggerated reaction to mild tactile stimuli. Brain ACh levels did not change and ChE activity showed inhibition of 40, 58 and 75% when measured at 2, 4 and 6 weeks, respectively. At the end of 6 weeks, the levels of Ch, except in the striatum, were significantly elevated in brainstem, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, midbrain, and cerebellum (52%, 147%, 68%, 46%, and 91%, respectively), indicating that Ch metabolism in neuronal membranes may be altered following more frequent low-dose soman exposures. Springer-Verlag, 1990 Soman nationallicence Organophosphorus compounds nationallicence Cholinesterase inhibitors nationallicence Repeated exposure nationallicence Adaptation nationallicence Acetylcholine nationallicence Choline nationallicence Cholinesterase activity nationallicence Toxicity nationallicence Hyper-reactivity nationallicence Ach : acetylcholine nationallicence Ch : choline nationallicence AChE : acetylcholinesterase nationallicence ChE : cholinesterase nationallicence DFP : diisopropylfluorophosphate nationallicence LD 50 : lethal dose 50% nationallicence Shih Tsung-Ming Biochemical Pharmacology Branch, US Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Aberdeen Proving Ground, 21010-5425, MD, USA aut Lenz David Biochemical Pharmacology Branch, US Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Aberdeen Proving Ground, 21010-5425, MD, USA aut Maxwell Donald Biochemical Pharmacology Branch, US Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Aberdeen Proving Ground, 21010-5425, MD, USA aut Psychopharmacology Springer-Verlag 101/4(1990-08-01), 489-496 0033-3158 101:4<489 1990 101 213 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02244227 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02244227 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Shih Tsung-Ming Biochemical Pharmacology Branch, US Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Aberdeen Proving Ground, 21010-5425, MD, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Lenz David Biochemical Pharmacology Branch, US Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Aberdeen Proving Ground, 21010-5425, MD, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Maxwell Donald Biochemical Pharmacology Branch, US Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Aberdeen Proving Ground, 21010-5425, MD, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Psychopharmacology Springer-Verlag 101/4(1990-08-01), 489-496 0033-3158 101:4<489 1990 101 213 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence SWISSBIB 345328302 BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer