caa a22 4500 465758266 CHVBK 20180323111853.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170327e19900101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF00313249 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF00313249 An in vitro transcription termination system to analyze chloroplast promoters: identification of multiple promoters for the spinach atpB gene [Elektronische Daten] [Liang-Jwu Chen, Sharon Rogers, D. Bennett, Meng-Chun Hu, Emil Orozco Jr.] Summary: Promoters for spinach chloroplast genes were cloned 5′ to a strong factor-independent transcription terminator from E. coli. These "minigene” constructions were transcribed in vitro by a transcriptionally active extract of spinach chloroplasts. Transcription of super-coiled DNA templates resulted in synthesis of discretely-sized RNAs that were readily quantifiable. The efficiency of transcription was up to 3.5 RNAs per template. The transcription termination system described in this report was used to identify the primary transcripts for the plastid atpB gene. Four in vivo transcripts for the atpB gene have been previously identified with 5′ untranslated leaders of approximately 455, 275, 180 and 100 nucleotides, respectively. In this report we show that the "-455”, "-275” and "-180” regions function as chloroplast promoters in vitro. In addtion, a fourth promoter was found that yields a primary transcript totally lacking an untranslated leader. Springer-Verlag, 1990 Chloroplast nationallicence Promoters nationallicence atpB nationallicence Transcription termination nationallicence Chen Liang-Jwu Department of Agronomy, University of Illinois, USA aut Rogers Sharon Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, USA aut Bennett D. U.S.D.A., Agricultural Research Service, 1102 South Goodwin Avenue, 61801, Urbana, IL, USA aut Hu Meng-Chun Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, USA aut Orozco Jr. Emil U.S.D.A., Agricultural Research Service, 1102 South Goodwin Avenue, 61801, Urbana, IL, USA aut Current Genetics Springer-Verlag 17/1(1990-01-01), 55-64 0172-8083 17:1<55 1990 17 294 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00313249 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00313249 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Chen Liang-Jwu Department of Agronomy, University of Illinois, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Rogers Sharon Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bennett D. U.S.D.A., Agricultural Research Service, 1102 South Goodwin Avenue, 61801, Urbana, IL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hu Meng-Chun Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Orozco Jr Emil U.S.D.A., Agricultural Research Service, 1102 South Goodwin Avenue, 61801, Urbana, IL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Current Genetics Springer-Verlag 17/1(1990-01-01), 55-64 0172-8083 17:1<55 1990 17 294 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer