caa a22 4500 465762131 CHVBK 20180323111902.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170327e19901201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF00879763 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF00879763 Changes in the thermal structure of moderate to large sized lakes in response to changes in air temperature [Elektronische Daten] [Dale Robertson, Robert Ragotzkie] Interannual variability in the thermal structure of lakes is driven by interannual differences in meteorological conditions. Dynamic or mechanistic models and empirical or statistical methods have been used to integrate the physical processes in lakes enabling the response of the thermal structure to changes in air temperature to be determined. Water temperature records for Lake Mendota, WI., are possibly the most extensive for any dimictic lake in the world and allowed both approaches to be used. Results from both techniques suggest the mixed layer temperature increases with increasing air temperature. Results from the empirical approach suggested epilimnion temperatures increase 0.5 to 1.0°C per 1.0°C increase in air temperature compared to 0.4 to 0.85°C estimated from a dynamical model (DYRESM). Increased air temperatures are related to significant warming in deep water temperatures in the absence of stratification; however, mid summer hypolimnion temperatures are expected to change very little or increase only slightly in response to climatic warming. Both approaches suggest increases in air temperatures increase the length of summer stratification; results from the dynamic model suggest an increase of approximately 5 days per 1°C increase in air temperature. Longer stratification is reflected in shallower late summer thermocline depths. With these quantitative relationships and forecast increases in air temperature for the 2 × CO2 climatic scenario (Greenhouse Effect) from three General Circulation Models, projections are made describing the changes in the future mean thermal structure of moderate to large sized lakes. Birkhäuser Verlag, 1990 Climatic change nationallicence water temperature nationallicence stratification nationallicence Lake Mendota nationallicence Robertson Dale Centre for Water Research, University of Western Australia, 6009, Nedlands, WA, Australia aut Ragotzkie Robert Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 53706, Madison, Wis., USA aut Aquatic Sciences Birkhäuser-Verlag 52/4(1990-12-01), 360-380 1015-1621 52:4<360 1990 52 27 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00879763 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00879763 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Robertson Dale Centre for Water Research, University of Western Australia, 6009, Nedlands, WA, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ragotzkie Robert Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 53706, Madison, Wis., USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Aquatic Sciences Birkhäuser-Verlag 52/4(1990-12-01), 360-380 1015-1621 52:4<360 1990 52 27 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer