caa a22 4500 46578206X CHVBK 20180323111958.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170327e19900301xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF00172081 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF00172081 McKitrick Mary Museum of Zoology and Department of Biology, University of Michigan, 48109, Ann Arbor, MI, USA aut Genetic evidence for multiple parentage in eastern kingbirds ( Tyrannus tyrannus ) [Elektronische Daten] [Mary McKitrick] Summary: Electrophoretic analysis was performed on 28 families of eastern kingbirds (Tyrannus tyrannus) from northern Michigan to estimate the occurrence of multiple parentage. Out of 19 families used in the final analysis, at least one putative parent was excluded in 9 families, or 18 out of 60 offspring (30% of offspring). Distribution of exclusion types conforms most closely to a model of quasi-parasitism, rather than extra-pair fertilizations, with secondary females laying their eggs in the primary female's nest, but "random” brood parasitism cannot be ruled out as an additional or alternative source of stray genes. Based on the model of random parasitism, an estimated 39% of all offspring in this population may be unrelated to one or both of the putative parents, or 53% based on a model of quasi-parasitism. Heretofore, eastern kingbirds have been considered to be exclusively monogamous; no behavioral evidence for alternative reproductive strategies has ever been reported for this species. Springer-Verlag, 1990 Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology Springer-Verlag 26/3(1990-03-01), 149-155 0340-5443 26:3<149 1990 26 265 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00172081 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00172081 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- McKitrick Mary Museum of Zoology and Department of Biology, University of Michigan, 48109, Ann Arbor, MI, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology Springer-Verlag 26/3(1990-03-01), 149-155 0340-5443 26:3<149 1990 26 265 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer