caa a22 4500 465782531 CHVBK 20180323111959.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170327e19901201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF00164065 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF00164065 Division of labor during honey bee colony defense [Elektronische Daten] [Michael Breed, Gene Robinson, Robert Page Jr.] Summary: Some worker honey bees respond to major disturbances of the colony by flying around the assailant and possibly stinging; they are a subset of the bees involved in colony defense. These defenders have an open-ended age distribution similar to that of foragers, but defensive behavior is initiated at a younger age than foraging is. Behavioral and genetic evidence shows that defenders and foragers are distinct groups of older workers. Behaviorally, defenders have less worn wings than foragers, suggesting less flight activity. Genetically, defenders differ in allozyme frequencies, demonstrating different subfamily composition from foragers in the same colony. They also differ in allozyme frequencies from guards in the same colony, providing further evidence for division of labor associated with colony defense. We use this information to develop a model for honey bee colony defense involving at least two distinct groups of workers and we propose that the non-guard defenders be called "soldiers”, due to their important role in colony defense. Springer-Verlag, 1990 Breed Michael Department of Environmental, Population, and Organismic Biology, The University of Colorado, 80309-0334, Boulder, CO, USA aut Robinson Gene Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA aut Page Jr. Robert Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA aut Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology Springer-Verlag 27/6(1990-12-01), 395-401 0340-5443 27:6<395 1990 27 265 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00164065 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00164065 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Breed Michael Department of Environmental, Population, and Organismic Biology, The University of Colorado, 80309-0334, Boulder, CO, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Robinson Gene Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Page Jr Robert Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, 43210, Columbus, OH, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology Springer-Verlag 27/6(1990-12-01), 395-401 0340-5443 27:6<395 1990 27 265 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer