caa a22 4500 465796753 CHVBK 20180323112040.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170327e19900401xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF02540650 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF02540650 Membrane applications and research in the edible oil industry: An assessment [Elektronische Daten] [S. Köseoglu, D. Engelgau] Commercial sources of edible oils and fats include oil-seeds, fruit pulps, animals and fish. Oilseeds processing typically consists of the following steps: i) seed preparation; ii) solvent extraction of flakes and/or extruded collets; iii) desolventization of the meal;iv) recovery of solvent by distillation; and v) degumming, refining, bleaching, and deodorizing of the crude oil. The process consumes large amounts of energy—in the forms of electricity, natural gas and fuel oils—to heat and cool the oil between individual processing steps and to generate high vacuum. Steam requirements for producing edible oil from crude oil range from 2000 to 4000 Btu/lb depending on the type of oil processed. The processing of cottonseed, corn, peanut and soybean oils alone consumes approximately 64.7 trillion Btu/yr of energy in the United States (based on 15.1×109 Ib crude oil processed). Electricity requirements for a typical refinery are between 120,000 kWh and 160,000kWh/yr (based on 1400 to 1800 kWh/22,000 Ib crude oil processed/hr). Current membrane separation research, as applied to miscella distillation; vapor recovery; condensate return; wastewater treatment; degumming, refining, and bleaching; hydrogenation catalyst recovery; oilseed proteins; and nitrogen production, is reviewed in this paper. The greatest potential for energy savings of 15 to 21 trillion Btu/yr exists in replacing or supplementing conventional degumming, refining, and bleaching processes. Decreased oil losses and decreased bleaching earth requirements are other potential advantages of membrane processing. Approximately 2 trillion Btu/yr could be saved using a hybrid membrane system to recover solvents in extraction of crude oils. Although marginal success has been reported to date, the development of hexane-resistant membranes may make this application viable. AOCS Press, 1990 Köseoglu S. Food Protein R&D Center, Texas Engineering Experiment Station, Texas A&M University, 77843p2476, College Station, TX aut Engelgau D. Idaho Engineering Laboratory, EG&G Idaho, Inc., 83415, Idaho Falls, ID aut Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society Springer-Verlag 67/4(1990-04-01), 239-249 0003-021X 67:4<239 1990 67 11746 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02540650 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02540650 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Köseoglu S. Food Protein R&D Center, Texas Engineering Experiment Station, Texas A&M University, 77843p2476, College Station, TX aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Engelgau D. Idaho Engineering Laboratory, EG&G Idaho, Inc., 83415, Idaho Falls, ID aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society Springer-Verlag 67/4(1990-04-01), 239-249 0003-021X 67:4<239 1990 67 11746 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer