caa a22 4500 465823351 CHVBK 20180323112142.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170327e19901101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF00166794 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF00166794 Microorganisms for degrading simmondsin and related cyanogenic toxins in jojoba [Elektronische Daten] [Thomas Abbott, Lawrence Nakamura, Terry Nelsen, Helen Gasdorf, Glenn Bennett, Robert Kleiman] Summary: Four microorganisms that metabolize simmondsin (S) and related cyanogenic toxins from jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis) were isolated by enrichment: Pseudallescheria boydii, a fungus which specifically degrades simmondsin ferulate but not S; Fusarium moniliforme; "Flavobacterium aurantiacum”; and Pseudomonas maltophilia. The latter three organisms grow on S as a sole carbon and nitrogen source in culture media, but only F. moniliforme attacks S in the complete jojoba meal. Combinations of the four microorganisms at two temperatures, and with free air or limited air exchange for up to 20 days, were tested on jojoba meal to determine an optimum detoxification method. Degradation of toxins was most rapid and complete when Pseudallescheria boydii and Fusarium moniliforme together were incubated on jojoba meal at 25°C with free air exchange for 20 days. Mice were fed fermented meals at 0, 5, 10 and 20% substitution levels to determine detoxification and nutritional quality. Average daily gains during rapid growth of weanling (1-3 weeks) and mature (4-8 weeks) mice did not differ significantly from controls for mice on all diets containing fermented meal. Diets containing fungally detoxified jojoba meal were more efficient for maintaenance of mature weight than jojoba meal detoxified with enzymes naturally present in the meal. Meal can be detoxified by ensilage for 20 days at 80% water content. Detoxification is attributed to as yet unidentified enzymes inherent in the jojoba seed. Springer-Verlag, 1990 Abbott Thomas New Crops Research, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Northern Regional Research Center, 1815 North University Street, 61 604, Peoria, IL, USA aut Nakamura Lawrence Microbial Properties Research, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Northern Regional Research Center, 1815 North University Street, 61 604, Peoria, IL, USA aut Nelsen Terry Office of Area Director, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Northern Regional Research Center, 1815 North University Street, 61 604, Peoria, IL, USA aut Gasdorf Helen Analytical Chemistry Support, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Northern Regional Research Center, 1815 North University Street, 61 604, Peoria, IL, USA aut Bennett Glenn Mycotoxin Research, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Northern Regional Research Centre, 1815 North University Street, 61 604, Peoria, IL, USA aut Kleiman Robert New Crops Research, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Northern Regional Research Center, 1815 North University Street, 61 604, Peoria, IL, USA aut Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Springer-Verlag 34/2(1990-11-01), 270-273 0175-7598 34:2<270 1990 34 253 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00166794 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00166794 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Abbott Thomas New Crops Research, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Northern Regional Research Center, 1815 North University Street, 61 604, Peoria, IL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Nakamura Lawrence Microbial Properties Research, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Northern Regional Research Center, 1815 North University Street, 61 604, Peoria, IL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Nelsen Terry Office of Area Director, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Northern Regional Research Center, 1815 North University Street, 61 604, Peoria, IL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Gasdorf Helen Analytical Chemistry Support, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Northern Regional Research Center, 1815 North University Street, 61 604, Peoria, IL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bennett Glenn Mycotoxin Research, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Northern Regional Research Centre, 1815 North University Street, 61 604, Peoria, IL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kleiman Robert New Crops Research, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Northern Regional Research Center, 1815 North University Street, 61 604, Peoria, IL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Springer-Verlag 34/2(1990-11-01), 270-273 0175-7598 34:2<270 1990 34 253 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer