caa a22 4500 467893780 CHVBK 20180406152756.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170328e20060301xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11103-005-4815-1 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11103-005-4815-1 Vernalization Response in Perennial Ryegrass ( Lolium perenne L.) Involves Orthologues of Diploid Wheat ( Triticum monococcum ) VRN1 and Rice ( Oryza sativa ) Hd1 [Elektronische Daten] [Jeppe Andersen, Louise Jensen, Torben Asp, Thomas Lübberstedt] Flowering time is important when adapting crop plants to different environments. While high feeding quality of forage grasses is facilitated by repression of flowering, flowering should also be inducible to facilitate grass seed production. Consequently, the identification and characterization of the genes controlling flowering time in forage grasses, including perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), is of great interest. In this study, three candidate genes for vernalization response genes in perennial ryegrass were identified based on DNA sequence homology to TmVRN1 and TmVRN2 of diploid wheat (Triticum monococcum), and Hd1 of rice (Oryza sativa). High sequence similarity between LpVRN1 and TmVRN1, co-localization of LpVRN1 with a major quantitative trait loci (QTL) for vernalization response in perennial ryegrass, synteny between map-positions of LpVRN1 and TmVRN1, mRNA expression analysis of LpVRN1 alleles during vernalization, and the correspondence between LpVRN1 mRNA expression levels and flowering time leads us to conclude that LpVRN1 is orthologous to TmVRN1 and that its function is conserved between diploid wheat and perennial ryegrass. Of the remaining two candidate genes, a putative Hd1 orthologue, LpCO, co-localized with a second QTL for vernlization response. LpCO has recently been shown to be involved in the photoperiodic regulation of flowering time. While epistasis, at the level of LpVRN1 transcription, was observed between the LpVRN1 and LpCO genomic regions, no differential expression of LpCO transcripts was observed during vernalization. While orthologous genes controlling flowering time can thus be identified, future allele sequencing efforts will reveal if causative polymorphisms are conserved across the grasses. Springer, 2006 flowering time nationallicence CO nationallicence ryegrass nationallicence vernalization nationallicence VRN1 nationallicence VRN2 nationallicence ANOVA : analysis of variance nationallicence AP1 : APETALA1 nationallicence BAC : bacterial artificial chromosome nationallicence BLAST : basic local alignment search tool nationallicence CAB : chlorophyll a/b binding protein nationallicence CAPS : cleaved amplified polymorphisms nationallicence CCT : CO, CO-like, TOC1 nationallicence EST : expressed sequence tag nationallicence FLC : Flowering locus C nationallicence Hd1 : Heading date 1 nationallicence Hd3 : Heading date 3 nationallicence LG : linkage group nationallicence LOD : Likelihood of odds nationallicence QTL : quantitative trait loci nationallicence TOC1 : timing of CAB expression 1 nationallicence VRN1 : VERNALIZATION1 nationallicence VRN2 : VERNALIZATION2 nationallicence VIN3 : VERNALIZATION INSENSITIVE 3 nationallicence ZCCT : zink-finger/CCT domain transcription factor nationallicence Andersen Jeppe Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Research Centre Flakkbjerg, 4200, Slagelse, Denmark aut Jensen Louise Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Research Centre Flakkbjerg, 4200, Slagelse, Denmark aut Asp Torben Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Research Centre Flakkbjerg, 4200, Slagelse, Denmark aut Lübberstedt Thomas Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Research Centre Flakkbjerg, 4200, Slagelse, Denmark aut Plant Molecular Biology Kluwer Academic Publishers 60/4(2006-03-01), 481-494 0167-4412 60:4<481 2006 60 11103 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-005-4815-1 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-005-4815-1 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Andersen Jeppe Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Research Centre Flakkbjerg, 4200, Slagelse, Denmark aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Jensen Louise Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Research Centre Flakkbjerg, 4200, Slagelse, Denmark aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Asp Torben Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Research Centre Flakkbjerg, 4200, Slagelse, Denmark aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Lübberstedt Thomas Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Research Centre Flakkbjerg, 4200, Slagelse, Denmark aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Plant Molecular Biology Kluwer Academic Publishers 60/4(2006-03-01), 481-494 0167-4412 60:4<481 2006 60 11103 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer