caa a22 4500 467894892 CHVBK 20180406152800.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170328e20061101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11103-006-9037-7 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11103-006-9037-7 Global Analysis of Gene Expression During Development and Ripening of Citrus Fruit Flesh. A Proposed Mechanism for Citric Acid Utilization [Elektronische Daten] [Manuel Cercós, Guillermo Soler, Domingo Iglesias, José Gadea, Javier Forment, Manuel Talón] Microarrays of cDNA have been used to examine expression changes of 7000 genes during development and ripening of the fruit flesh of self-incompatible Citrus clementina, a non-climateric species. The data indicated that 2243 putative unigenes showed significant expression changes. Functional classification revealed that genes encoding for regulatory proteins were significantly overrepresented in the up-regulated gene clusters. The transcriptomic study together with the analyses of selected metabolites highlighted key physiological processes occurring during citrus fruit development and ripening such as water accumulation, carbohydrate build-up, acid reduction, pigment substitutions (carotenoid accumulation and chlorophyll decreases) and ascorbic acid diminution. Often, the combined analyses strongly suggested prevalence of specific metabolic alternatives. This observation has been exemplified with the proposal for a mechanism for citrate utilization, a process of much importance in citrus industry. Microarray data validated by real-time RT-PCR suggested that citrate was sequentially metabolyzed to isocitrate, 2-oxoglutarate and glutamate. Thereafter, glutamate was both utilized for glutamine production and catabolyzed through the gamma-aminobutirate (GABA) shunt (GABA → succinate semialdehyde → succinate). This last observation appears to be of special relevance since it links the proton consuming reaction glutamate + H+→GABA +CO2 with high acid levels. GG-MS determinations showed that glutamate was constant while GABA levels decreased at ripening in agreement with a feasible activation of the GABA shunt during acid catabolism. This suggestion provides a convincing explanation for the strong reduction of both citrate and cytoplasmatic acidity that takes place in citrus fruit flesh during development and ripening. Springer Science+Business Media B.V., 2006 Acid metabolism nationallicence Citrus clementina nationallicence cDNA microarray nationallicence Fruit growth nationallicence Mandarin nationallicence AGRIS : Arabidopsis Gene Regulatory Information Server nationallicence DPA : Days post anthesis nationallicence EST : Expressed sequence tag nationallicence GABA : Gamma-aminobutirate nationallicence LIMMA : Linear models in microarrays nationallicence MIPS : Munich Information Center for Protein Sequences nationallicence SOTA : Self Organizing Tree Algorithm nationallicence TAIR : The Arabidopsis Information Resource nationallicence TIP : Tonoplast-Intrinsic Protein nationallicence Cercós Manuel Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Centro de Genómica, Ctra Moncada-Náquera Km 4.6, 46113, Moncada, Valencia, Spain aut Soler Guillermo Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Centro de Genómica, Ctra Moncada-Náquera Km 4.6, 46113, Moncada, Valencia, Spain aut Iglesias Domingo Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Centro de Genómica, Ctra Moncada-Náquera Km 4.6, 46113, Moncada, Valencia, Spain aut Gadea José Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica-CSIC, Av. Los Naranjos s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain aut Forment Javier Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica-CSIC, Av. Los Naranjos s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain aut Talón Manuel Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Centro de Genómica, Ctra Moncada-Náquera Km 4.6, 46113, Moncada, Valencia, Spain aut Plant Molecular Biology Kluwer Academic Publishers 62/4-5(2006-11-01), 513-527 0167-4412 62:4-5<513 2006 62 11103 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-006-9037-7 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-006-9037-7 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Cercós Manuel Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Centro de Genómica, Ctra Moncada-Náquera Km 4.6, 46113, Moncada, Valencia, Spain aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Soler Guillermo Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Centro de Genómica, Ctra Moncada-Náquera Km 4.6, 46113, Moncada, Valencia, Spain aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Iglesias Domingo Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Centro de Genómica, Ctra Moncada-Náquera Km 4.6, 46113, Moncada, Valencia, Spain aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Gadea José Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica-CSIC, Av. Los Naranjos s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Forment Javier Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica-CSIC, Av. Los Naranjos s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Talón Manuel Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Centro de Genómica, Ctra Moncada-Náquera Km 4.6, 46113, Moncada, Valencia, Spain aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Plant Molecular Biology Kluwer Academic Publishers 62/4-5(2006-11-01), 513-527 0167-4412 62:4-5<513 2006 62 11103 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer