caa a22 4500 467899142 CHVBK 20180406152812.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170328e20060901xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10308-006-0078-y doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10308-006-0078-y Sarsito Totok Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Vice Rector Students Affairs of the University of Sebelas Maret (UNS), Solo, Indonesia aut Javanese culture as the source of legitimacy for Soeharto's government [Elektronische Daten] [Totok Sarsito] Since its independence on the 17th of August 1945, Indonesia has been governed consecutively by five presidents. Among them, Retired Army Great General Soeharto managed to be president for more than 32years. There were many factors making him succeed in reaching, promoting, as well as maintaining power for these years. Despite his ability to place the military forces and police, the civilian bureaucracy, the Functional Group called Golkar, as well as the conglomerates under his own tight control, he also managed to manipulate Javanese cultural values as the source of legitimacy for his decisions and policies. As a puritan Javanese, Soeharto believed that a number of traditional Javanese thoughts in the forms of guidance and prohibitions, when practiced, would not only make individuals but also the Indonesian people in general have a noble and generous mind, or ber budi bawa leksana, that is: the ones who are really good as the essence of goodness, or becik sajatining becik. He claimed that it would not be difficult for the Indonesian people to improve their consciousness as the nation of Indonesia in their state, government and social life on the basis of Pancasila, if they understood Javanese cultural values properly (Rukmana 1993:xi). Based on this belief, Soeharto then tried to convince people that his all decisions and policies were socially just and philosophically correct because they had been based on very high Javanese philosophical values. As for example, when he treated his enemy or rival, such as ex-President Soekarno, or when he responded the critiques launched by his rivals or enemies, like Sawito Kartowibowo, Jailani Naro, Soeryadi, Megawati Soekarnoputri, Abdurahman Wahid, Permadi, Sri Bintang Pamungkas, and Amien Rais, challenging his position as the President or asking questions about presidential succession, Soeharto knew how to manipulate Javanese cultural values in order to justify or even legitimize his decisions and policies. Springer-Verlag, 2006 Asia Europe Journal Springer-Verlag 4/3(2006-09-01), 447-461 1610-2932 4:3<447 2006 4 10308 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10308-006-0078-y text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10308-006-0078-y text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Sarsito Totok Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Vice Rector Students Affairs of the University of Sebelas Maret (UNS), Solo, Indonesia aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Asia Europe Journal Springer-Verlag 4/3(2006-09-01), 447-461 1610-2932 4:3<447 2006 4 10308 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer