caa a22 4500 467903425 CHVBK 20180406152826.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170328e20060801xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10661-005-9020-9 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10661-005-9020-9 Evaluation of A Sampling Strategy for Estimation of Long-term Pm2.5 Exposure for Epidemiological Studies [Elektronische Daten] [J. Cyrys, M. Pitz, M. Arx, N. Künzli, J. Heinrich] As part of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) PM2.5 (particles collected with an upper 50% cut point of 2.5 μm aerodynamic diameter) was measured using an EPA-WINS (Environmetal Protection Agency Well Impactor Ninety-six) sampler. The monitoring schedule was restricted to 7 days per month for one year. Simultaneously, during this one year study period a collocated Harvard Impactor (HI) was run on a daily basis in Erfurt, Germany. Here we validated the reliability of annual, seasonal and monthly means estimated using the ECRHS scheme (measurements taken less than 25% of the whole study period) with the ‘true' long-term averages, which were estimated using all available daily means. The daily PM2.5 means, obtained by both instruments operated in parallel, were only slightly different (the mean difference between EPA-WINS and HI was 1.8 μg m−3 and 2.8 μg m−3 for the winter means). The values obtained by the two instruments were highly correlated (r = 0.95). In view of that negligible difference, no additional bias was seen with respect to the annual and the winter means estimated by the two different sampling strategies (the difference was 1.7 μg m−3 and 2.7 μg m−3, respectively). Monthly means, however, can only be considered to be a crude estimate that may substantially under- or overestimate the true monthly mean value. Springer Science + Business Media, Inc., 2006 PM2.5 nationallicence long-term averages nationallicence measurement scheme nationallicence ECRHS study nationallicence Cyrys J. Environmental Science Center of the University Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany aut Pitz M. Environmental Science Center of the University Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany aut Arx M. Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland aut Künzli N. Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland aut Heinrich J. GSF National Research Center for Environment and Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Neuherberg, Germany aut Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Kluwer Academic Publishers 119/1-3(2006-08-01), 161-171 0167-6369 119:1-3<161 2006 119 10661 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-005-9020-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-005-9020-9 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Cyrys J. Environmental Science Center of the University Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Pitz M. Environmental Science Center of the University Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Arx M. Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Künzli N. Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Heinrich J. GSF National Research Center for Environment and Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Neuherberg, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Kluwer Academic Publishers 119/1-3(2006-08-01), 161-171 0167-6369 119:1-3<161 2006 119 10661 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer