caa a22 4500 467906440 CHVBK 20180406152835.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170328e20060401xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10701-005-9031-y doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10701-005-9031-y Local Realism and Conditional Probability [Elektronische Daten] [Allen Stairs, Jeffrey Bub] Emilio Santos has argued (Santos, Studies in History and Philosophy of Physics http: //arxiv-org/abs/quant-ph/0410193) that to date, no experiment has provided a loophole-free refutation of Bell's inequalities. He believes that this provides strong evidence for the principle of local realism, and argues that we should reject this principle only if we have extremely strong evidence. However, recent work by Malley and Fine (Non-commuting observables and local realism, http: //arxiv-org/abs/quant-ph/0505016) appears to suggest that experiments refuting Bell's inequalities could at most confirm that quantum mechanical quantities do not commute. They also suggest that experiments performed on a single system could refute local realism. In this paper, we develop a connection between the work of Malley and Fine and an argument by Bub from some years ago [Bub, The Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics, Chapter VI(Reidel, Dodrecht,1974)]. We also argue that the appearance of conflict between Santos on the one hand and Malley and Fine on the other is a result of differences in the way they understand local realism. Springer Science+Business Media, Inc., 2006 Bell's inequality nationallicence local realism nationallicence hidden variables nationallicence nonlocality nationallicence Kochen-Specker theorem nationallicence quantum conditional probability nationallicence 03.65.Ta nationallicence Stairs Allen Department of Philosophy, University of Maryland, 20742, College Park, MD, USA aut Bub Jeffrey Department of Philosophy, University of Maryland, 20742, College Park, MD, USA aut Foundations of Physics Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers; http://www.springer-ny.com 36/4(2006-04-01), 585-601 0015-9018 36:4<585 2006 36 10701 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10701-005-9031-y text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10701-005-9031-y text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Stairs Allen Department of Philosophy, University of Maryland, 20742, College Park, MD, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bub Jeffrey Department of Philosophy, University of Maryland, 20742, College Park, MD, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Foundations of Physics Kluwer Academic Publishers-Plenum Publishers; http://www.springer-ny.com 36/4(2006-04-01), 585-601 0015-9018 36:4<585 2006 36 10701 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer