caa a22 4500 46790751X CHVBK 20180406152839.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170328e20060501xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00251-005-0068-z doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00251-005-0068-z Biased distribution of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in porcine Toll-like receptor 1 ( TLR1 ), TLR2 , TLR4 , TLR5 , and TLR6 genes [Elektronische Daten] [Hiroki Shinkai, Maiko Tanaka, Takeya Morozumi, Tomoko Eguchi-Ogawa, Naohiko Okumura, Yoshihiro Muneta, Takashi Awata, Hirohide Uenishi] Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize various microbial components and induce immune responses. Polymorphisms in TLRs may influence their recognition of pathogen-derived molecules; swine TLRs are predicted to be associated with responses to infectious diseases such as pneumonia. In this study, we searched for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the coding sequences of porcine TLR1, TLR2, TLR4, TLR5, and TLR6 genes in 96 pigs from 11 breeds and elucidated 21, 11, 7, 13, and 11 SNPs, respectively, which caused amino acid substitutions in the respective TLRs. Distribution of these nonsynonymous SNPs was biased; many were located in the leucine-rich repeats, particularly in TLR1. These data demonstrated that the heterogeneity of TLR genes was preserved in various porcine breeds despite intensive breeding that was carried out for livestock improvement. It suggests that the heterogeneity in TLR genes is advantageous in increasing the possibility of survival in porcine populations. Springer-Verlag, 2006 Toll-like receptor (TLR) nationallicence Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) nationallicence Leucine-rich repeat (LRR) nationallicence Swine nationallicence Shinkai Hiroki Second Research Division, STAFF-Institute, 446-1 Ippaizuka, Kamiyokoba, 305-0854, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan aut Tanaka Maiko Second Research Division, STAFF-Institute, 446-1 Ippaizuka, Kamiyokoba, 305-0854, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan aut Morozumi Takeya Animal Genome Research Program (NIAS/STAFF), 446-1 Ippaizuka, Kamiyokoba, 305-0854, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan aut Eguchi-Ogawa Tomoko Animal Genome Research Program (NIAS/STAFF), 446-1 Ippaizuka, Kamiyokoba, 305-0854, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan aut Okumura Naohiko Second Research Division, STAFF-Institute, 446-1 Ippaizuka, Kamiyokoba, 305-0854, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan aut Muneta Yoshihiro Department of Immunology, National Institute of Animal Health, 3-1-5 Kannondai, 305-0856, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan aut Awata Takashi Animal Genome Research Program (NIAS/STAFF), 446-1 Ippaizuka, Kamiyokoba, 305-0854, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan aut Uenishi Hirohide Animal Genome Research Program (NIAS/STAFF), 446-1 Ippaizuka, Kamiyokoba, 305-0854, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan aut Immunogenetics Springer-Verlag 58/4(2006-05-01), 324-330 0093-7711 58:4<324 2006 58 251 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00251-005-0068-z text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 brief-communication jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00251-005-0068-z text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Shinkai Hiroki Second Research Division, STAFF-Institute, 446-1 Ippaizuka, Kamiyokoba, 305-0854, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Tanaka Maiko Second Research Division, STAFF-Institute, 446-1 Ippaizuka, Kamiyokoba, 305-0854, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Morozumi Takeya Animal Genome Research Program (NIAS/STAFF), 446-1 Ippaizuka, Kamiyokoba, 305-0854, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Eguchi-Ogawa Tomoko Animal Genome Research Program (NIAS/STAFF), 446-1 Ippaizuka, Kamiyokoba, 305-0854, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Okumura Naohiko Second Research Division, STAFF-Institute, 446-1 Ippaizuka, Kamiyokoba, 305-0854, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Muneta Yoshihiro Department of Immunology, National Institute of Animal Health, 3-1-5 Kannondai, 305-0856, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Awata Takashi Animal Genome Research Program (NIAS/STAFF), 446-1 Ippaizuka, Kamiyokoba, 305-0854, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Uenishi Hirohide Animal Genome Research Program (NIAS/STAFF), 446-1 Ippaizuka, Kamiyokoba, 305-0854, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Immunogenetics Springer-Verlag 58/4(2006-05-01), 324-330 0093-7711 58:4<324 2006 58 251 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer