caa a22 4500 467914109 CHVBK 20180406152857.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170328e20061001xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00450-006-0013-x doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00450-006-0013-x Janzing Dominik Institut für Algorithmen und Kognitive Systeme, Arbeitsgruppe Quantum Computing, Universität Karlsruhe, Am Fasanengarten 5, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany aut Quantum computing models as atool box for controlling and understanding the nanoscopic world [Elektronische Daten] [Dominik Janzing] Progress in controlling quantum systems is the major pre-requisite for the realization of quantum computing, yet the results of quantum computing research can also be useful in solving quantum control problems that are not related to computational problems. We arguethat quantum computing provides clear concepts and simple models for discussing quantum theoretical problems. In this article we describe examples from completely different fields where models of quantum computing and quantum communication shed light on quantum theory. First we address quantum limits of classical low power computation and argue that the terms of quantum information theory allows us to discuss device-independent bounds. We argue that aclassical bit behaves to some extent like aquantum bit in the time period where it switches its logical value. This implies that areadout during the switching process generates entropy. Arelated problem is the distribution of timing information like clock signals in low power devices. For low signal energy, the situation is close to phase-covariant cloning problems in quantum information theory. Second we rephrase aclassical statistical method to draw causal conclusions from data of aclinical drug-testing experiment. Since this method, as it is described in the literature, relies on ahidden-variable model of patient's behaviour it leads to misconclusions if quantum theory infact does play arole in the human mind. The toy model we use to illustrate this is formally aquantum communication protocol in the presence of entanglement. We argue that quantum information theory could put classical statistical reasoning on asafer basis because it does not need hidden-variable models of nature. Springer-Verlag, 2006 Informatik - Forschung und Entwicklung Springer-Verlag 21/1-2(2006-10-01), 83-90 0178-3564 21:1-2<83 2006 21 450 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00450-006-0013-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00450-006-0013-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Janzing Dominik Institut für Algorithmen und Kognitive Systeme, Arbeitsgruppe Quantum Computing, Universität Karlsruhe, Am Fasanengarten 5, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Informatik - Forschung und Entwicklung Springer-Verlag 21/1-2(2006-10-01), 83-90 0178-3564 21:1-2<83 2006 21 450 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer