caa a22 4500 467929076 CHVBK 20180406152938.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170328e20060101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10658-005-2931-z doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10658-005-2931-z Frequency of Avirulence Alleles in Field Populations of Leptosphaeria maculans in Europe [Elektronische Daten] [Anna Stachowiak, Julia Olechnowicz, Malgorzata Jedryczka, Thierry Rouxel, Marie-Hélène Balesdent, Ingrid Happstadius, Peter Gladders, Akinwunmi Latunde-Dada, Neal Evans] This paper describes the first large-scale Europe-wide survey of avirulence alleles and races of Leptosphaeria maculans. Isolates were collected from the spring rape cultivar Drakkar, with no known genes for resistance against L. maculans, at six experimental sites across the main oilseed rape growing regions of Europe, including the UK, Germany, Sweden and Poland. Additionally in Poland isolates were collected from cv. Darmor, which has resistance gene, Rlm9. In total, 603 isolates were collected during autumn in 2002 (287 isolates from Germany and the UK) and 2003 (316 isolates from Poland and Sweden). The identity of alleles at eight avirulence loci was determined for these isolates. No isolates had the virulence allele avrLm6 and three virulence alleles (avrLm2, avrLm3 and avrLm9) were present in all isolates. The isolates were polymorphic for AvrLm1, AvrLm4, AvrLm5 and AvrLm7 alleles, with virulence alleles at AvrLm1 and AvrLm4 loci and avirulence alleles at AvrLm7 and AvrLm5 loci predominant in populations. Virulent avrLm7 isolates were found at only one site in Sweden. Approximately 90% of all isolates belonged to one of two races (combinations of avirulence alleles), Av5-6-7 (77% of isolates) or Av6-7 (12%). Eight races were identified, with four races at frequencies less than 1%. The study suggested that Rlm6 and Rlm7 are still effective sources of resistance against L. maculans in oilseed rape in Europe. The results are comparable to those of a similar survey done in France in autumn 2000 and 2001. Springer, 2006 blackleg nationallicence Phoma lingam nationallicence race structure nationallicence resistance genes nationallicence stem canker nationallicence winter oilseed rape nationallicence Stachowiak Anna Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 34, PL-60479, Poznań, Poland aut Olechnowicz Julia Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 34, PL-60479, Poznań, Poland aut Jedryczka Malgorzata Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 34, PL-60479, Poznań, Poland aut Rouxel Thierry Unité PMDV, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Route de Saint Cyr, F-78026, Versailles, France aut Balesdent Marie-Hélène Unité PMDV, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Route de Saint Cyr, F-78026, Versailles, France aut Happstadius Ingrid Svalöf Weibull AB, SE-268 81, Svalöv, Sweden aut Gladders Peter ADAS Boxworth, CB3 8NN, Cambridge, UK aut Latunde-Dada Akinwunmi Rothamsted Research, AL5 2JQ, Harpenden, UK aut Evans Neal Rothamsted Research, AL5 2JQ, Harpenden, UK aut European Journal of Plant Pathology Kluwer Academic Publishers 114/1(2006-01-01), 67-75 0929-1873 114:1<67 2006 114 10658 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-005-2931-z text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-005-2931-z text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Stachowiak Anna Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 34, PL-60479, Poznań, Poland aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Olechnowicz Julia Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 34, PL-60479, Poznań, Poland aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Jedryczka Malgorzata Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 34, PL-60479, Poznań, Poland aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Rouxel Thierry Unité PMDV, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Route de Saint Cyr, F-78026, Versailles, France aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Balesdent Marie-Hélène Unité PMDV, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Route de Saint Cyr, F-78026, Versailles, France aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Happstadius Ingrid Svalöf Weibull AB, SE-268 81, Svalöv, Sweden aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Gladders Peter ADAS Boxworth, CB3 8NN, Cambridge, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Latunde-Dada Akinwunmi Rothamsted Research, AL5 2JQ, Harpenden, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Evans Neal Rothamsted Research, AL5 2JQ, Harpenden, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- European Journal of Plant Pathology Kluwer Academic Publishers 114/1(2006-01-01), 67-75 0929-1873 114:1<67 2006 114 10658 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer