caa a22 4500 467929556 CHVBK 20180406152939.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170328e20060501xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10658-005-1250-8 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10658-005-1250-8 Relation between Soil Health, Wave-like Fluctuations in Microbial Populations, and Soil-borne Plant Disease Management [Elektronische Daten] [Ariena van Bruggen, Alexander Semenov, Anne van Diepeningen, Oscar de Vos, Wim Blok] A healthy soil is often defined as a stable soil system with high levels of biological diversity and activity, internal nutrient cycling, and resilience to disturbance. This implies that microbial fluctuations after a disturbance would dampen more quickly in a healthy than in a chronically damaged and biologically impoverished soil. Soil could be disturbed by various processes, for example addition of a nutrient source, tillage, or drying-rewetting. As a result of any disturbance, the numbers of heterotrophic bacteria and of individual species start to oscillate, both in time and space. The oscillations appear as moving waves along the path of a moving nutrient source such as a root tip. The phase and period for different trophic groups and species of bacteria may be shifted indicating that succession occurs. DGGE, Biolog and FAME analysis of subsequent populations in oscillation have confirmed that there is a cyclic succession in microbial communities. Microbial diversity oscillates in opposite direction from oscillations in microbial populations. In a healthy soil, the amplitudes of these oscillations will be small, but the background levels of microbial diversity and activity are high, so that soil-borne diseases will face more competitors and antagonists. However, soil-borne pathogens and antagonists alike will fluctuate in time and space as a result of growing plant roots and other disturbances, and the periods and phases of the oscillations may vary. As a consequence, biological control by members of a single trophic group or species may never be complete, as pathogens will encounter varying populations of the biocontrol agent on the root surface. A mixture of different trophic groups may provide more complete biological control because peaks of different trophic groups occur at subsequent locations along a root. Alternatively, regular addition of soil organic matter may increase background levels of microbial activity, increase nutrient cycling, lower the concentrations of easily available nutrient sources, increase microbial diversity, and enhance natural disease suppression. Springer, 2006 biological control nationallicence disease management nationallicence harmonic fluctuations nationallicence resilience nationallicence soil health nationallicence soil-borne pathogens nationallicence BCA : biocontrol agent nationallicence CFUs : colony forming units nationallicence DGGE : denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis nationallicence FAME : fatty acid methyl esters nationallicence GFP : green fluorescent protein nationallicence van Bruggen Ariena Biological Farming Systems, Wageningen University, Marijkeweg 22, 6709, Wageningen, PG, the Netherlands aut Semenov Alexander Department of Microbiology, Biological Faculty, Moscow State University, 119899, Moscow, Russia aut van Diepeningen Anne Biological Farming Systems, Wageningen University, Marijkeweg 22, 6709, Wageningen, PG, the Netherlands aut de Vos Oscar Biological Farming Systems, Wageningen University, Marijkeweg 22, 6709, Wageningen, PG, the Netherlands aut Blok Wim Biological Farming Systems, Wageningen University, Marijkeweg 22, 6709, Wageningen, PG, the Netherlands aut European Journal of Plant Pathology Kluwer Academic Publishers 115/1(2006-05-01), 105-122 0929-1873 115:1<105 2006 115 10658 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-005-1250-8 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-005-1250-8 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- van Bruggen Ariena Biological Farming Systems, Wageningen University, Marijkeweg 22, 6709, Wageningen, PG, the Netherlands aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Semenov Alexander Department of Microbiology, Biological Faculty, Moscow State University, 119899, Moscow, Russia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- van Diepeningen Anne Biological Farming Systems, Wageningen University, Marijkeweg 22, 6709, Wageningen, PG, the Netherlands aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- de Vos Oscar Biological Farming Systems, Wageningen University, Marijkeweg 22, 6709, Wageningen, PG, the Netherlands aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Blok Wim Biological Farming Systems, Wageningen University, Marijkeweg 22, 6709, Wageningen, PG, the Netherlands aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- European Journal of Plant Pathology Kluwer Academic Publishers 115/1(2006-05-01), 105-122 0929-1873 115:1<105 2006 115 10658 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer