caa a22 4500 467936196 CHVBK 20180406152958.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170328e20060901xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11069-005-5227-x doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11069-005-5227-x Avalanche Risk During Backcountry Skiing - An Analysis of Risk Factors [Elektronische Daten] [Harpa Grímsdóttir, David Mcclung] Skier-triggered avalanches are the main cause of avalanche accidents in backcountry skiing. The risk of accidents during backcountry skiing was analysed statistically and related to factors such as elevation level, aspect, stability rating and the time of the year. The analysis is based on a database about terrain usage and avalanche accidents from a large heli-skiing operator in Canada, which makes it possible to study the conditional probability of accidents given the recorded pattern of terrain usage. This study shows that the historical risk of accidentally triggering an avalanche greater than size 1 depends highly on the stability rating, with the highest risk occurring during "poor” stability. The risk is greater at high elevations, and it is lower during the late season than earlier on. Skier risk does not depend as much on aspect as may be indicated from avalanche data alone. However, it is relatively high in the N-NE-E sector. These factors are not independent of each other and therefore analyses of combined factors were also performed. Questionnaires and interviews were used to gain knowledge about the terrain selection of professional mountain guides. These results indicate that when selecting terrain, guides first look at the overall shape and size of the terrain, but avalanche history of terrain and inclination are also important factors. Finally, remarks in avalanche reports were analysed, and common human factors identified. Springer, 2006 avalanche risk management nationallicence human triggered avalanches nationallicence risk analysis nationallicence avalanche risk nationallicence recreation nationallicence backcountry skiing nationallicence mountain guides nationallicence snow avalanches nationallicence Columbia Mountains nationallicence helicopter-skiing nationallicence Grímsdóttir Harpa Icelandic Meteorological Office - Avalanche Research Center, Árnagata 2-4, 400, Ísafjörður, Iceland aut Mcclung David Department of Geography, University of British Columbia, 1984 West Mall, BCV6T1Z2, Vancouver, Canada aut Natural Hazards Kluwer Academic Publishers 39/1(2006-09-01), 127-153 0921-030X 39:1<127 2006 39 11069 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-005-5227-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-005-5227-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Grímsdóttir Harpa Icelandic Meteorological Office - Avalanche Research Center, Árnagata 2-4, 400, Ísafjörður, Iceland aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Mcclung David Department of Geography, University of British Columbia, 1984 West Mall, BCV6T1Z2, Vancouver, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Natural Hazards Kluwer Academic Publishers 39/1(2006-09-01), 127-153 0921-030X 39:1<127 2006 39 11069 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer