caa a22 4500 467938083 CHVBK 20180406153003.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170328e20060101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00703-004-0099-2 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00703-004-0099-2 Cirrus cloud horizontal and vertical inhomogeneity effects in a GCM [Elektronische Daten] [Yu Gu, K. N. Liou] Summary: A set of the inhomogeneity factor for high-level clouds derived from the ISCCP D1 dataset averaged over a five-year period has been incorporated in the UCLA atmospheric GCM to investigate the effect of cirrus cloud inhomogeneity on climate simulation. The inclusion of this inhomogeneous factor improves the global mean planetary albedo by about 4% simulated from the model. It also produces changes in solar fluxes and OLRs associated with changes in cloud fields, revealing that the cloud inhomogeneity not only affects cloud albedo directly, but also modifies cloud and radiation fields. The corresponding difference in the geographic distribution of precipitation is as large as 7 mm day−1. Using the climatology cloud inhomogeneity factor also produces a warmer troposphere related to changes in the cloudiness and the corresponding radiative heating, which, to some extent, corrects the cold bias in the UCLA AGCM. The region around 14 km, however, is cooler associated with increase in the reflected solar flux that leads to a warmer region above. An interactive parameterization for mean effective ice crystal size based on ice water content and temperature has also been developed and incorporated in the UCLA AGCM. The inclusion of the new parameterization produces substantial differences in the zonal mean temperature and the geographic distribution of precipitation, radiative fluxes, and cloud cover with respect to the control run. The vertical distribution of ice crystal size appears to be an important factor controlling the radiative heating rate and the consequence of circulation patterns, and hence must be included in the cloud-radiation parameterization in climate models to account for realistic cloud processes in the atmosphere. Springer-Verlag/Wien, 2005 Gu Yu Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA aut Liou K. N. Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA aut Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics Springer-Verlag 91/1-4(2006-01-01), 223-235 0177-7971 91:1-4<223 2006 91 703 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00703-004-0099-2 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00703-004-0099-2 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Gu Yu Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Liou K. N. Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics Springer-Verlag 91/1-4(2006-01-01), 223-235 0177-7971 91:1-4<223 2006 91 703 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer