caa a22 4500 46794184X CHVBK 20180406153015.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170328e20060601xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00421-006-0199-4 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00421-006-0199-4 Changes in muscle T 2 relaxation properties following spinal cord injury and locomotor training [Elektronische Daten] [Min Liu, Prodip Bose, Glenn Walter, Douglas Anderson, Floyd Thompson, Krista Vandenborne] Magnetic resonance (MR) is frequently used to study structural and biochemical properties of skeletal muscle. Changes in proton transverse relaxation (T 2) properties have been used to study muscle cellular damage, as well as muscle activation during exercise protocols. In this study, we implemented MR imaging to characterize the T 2 relaxation properties of rat hindlimb muscles following spinal cord injury (SCI) and locomotor training. After moderate midthoracic contusion SCI, Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to either treadmill training, cycle training or an untrained group. T 2 weighted images were obtained and mean muscle T 2 times were calculated in the tibialis anterior, soleus, and gastrocnemius (GAS) muscles at pre-injury as well as at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks post-injury. Following SCI, hindlimb muscles in untrained animals showed a significant increase in muscle T 2, with the most dramatic shift (+5.46ms) observed in soleus muscle at 1 week post-SCI. Subsequently, all muscle groups showed a spontaneous recovery in muscle T 2 with normalized T 2 values in the GAS and tibilias anterior muscles at 4 weeks and the soleus at 12 weeks post-SCI. Both training paradigms, treadmill and cycling training, accelerated the recovery of soleus muscle T 2. As a result, soleus muscle T 2 recovered back to pre-injury values within 3 weeks of training in both training groups. Finally, in vitro histological assessments of rat skeletal muscles demonstrated that there was no apparent muscle injury in any of the muscles studied at 1 week post-SCI. Springer-Verlag, 2006 Transverse relaxation time nationallicence Skeletal muscle nationallicence SCI nationallicence MRI nationallicence Locomotor training nationallicence Liu Min Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Rm 1142 PHHP Building, P.O. Box 100154, 32610, Gainesville, FL, USA aut Bose Prodip Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA aut Walter Glenn Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA aut Anderson Douglas Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA aut Thompson Floyd Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA aut Vandenborne Krista Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Rm 1142 PHHP Building, P.O. Box 100154, 32610, Gainesville, FL, USA aut European Journal of Applied Physiology Springer-Verlag 97/3(2006-06-01), 355-361 1439-6319 97:3<355 2006 97 421 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-006-0199-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-006-0199-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Liu Min Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Rm 1142 PHHP Building, P.O. Box 100154, 32610, Gainesville, FL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bose Prodip Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Walter Glenn Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Anderson Douglas Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Thompson Floyd Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Vandenborne Krista Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Rm 1142 PHHP Building, P.O. Box 100154, 32610, Gainesville, FL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- European Journal of Applied Physiology Springer-Verlag 97/3(2006-06-01), 355-361 1439-6319 97:3<355 2006 97 421 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer