caa a22 4500 467952949 CHVBK 20180323165703.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170328e19861101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF00698196 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF00698196 (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF00002094 Unique qualities and special problems of the African Great Lakes [Elektronische Daten] [George Coulter, Brian Allanson, Michael Bruton, P. Greenwood, Robert Hart, Peter Jackson, Anthony Ribbink] Synopsis: The African Great Lakes consist of large, deep rift valley lakes (e.g. Malawi & Tanganyika) and shallower lakes between the Eastern and Western Rifts (e.g. Victoria). They are a group comparable in size to the North American Great Lakes, but are old. Most are seasonally thermally stratified, and wind is the decisive factor that determines the annual cycle of cooling and mixing. Lakes Tanganyika, Malawi and Kivu are meromictic, with deep relict hypolimnia. Large magnitudes and time scales of periodic internal motion, where these have been measured, appear unique among lakes. These lakes harbour the world's richest lacustrine fish faunas, and the family Cichlidae provides the supreme example of geographically circumscribed vertebrate evolution. The lakes provide a unique comparative series of natural laboratories for evolutionary studies. Primary production is generally high, but in the deeper lakes standing stocks of plankton and of small fish species are low. These pelagic populations are characterised by very high P:B ratios. The fisheries are productive and of socio-economic importance. Large-scale mechanised fishing is not compatible with the survival of the diverse fish communities. Cichlids appear especially vulnerable to unselective fishing. Aquatic reserves might offer a means of survival for at least some communities. Various pollution threats exist. Because water retention times are long, extremely long for some deep lakes, and flushing rates are low, the lakes are vulnerable to pollution which would be long-lasting. Introductions of alien fishes have mostly had undesirable or disastrous results. While the faunas are one of the significant natural heritages of mankind, their conservation must realistically be linked to the legitimate development of the lakes for the well-being of the people who live there. Scientific value alone will not protect the lakes. Just as survival of African terrestrial wildlife in extensive reserves depends heavily upon tourism, so also might the cichlid flocks in underwater reserves. Greater interest from the international scientific community is needed to further rational development and conservation of these great lakes. Dr W. Junk Publishers, 1986 Meromictic nationallicence Evolution nationallicence Diversity nationallicence Cichlidae nationallicence Productivity nationallicence Aquatic reserves nationallicence Flushing nationallicence Pollution nationallicence Fish introductions nationallicence Lake development nationallicence Limnology nationallicence Fishery management nationallicence Conservation nationallicence Coulter George Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science, Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94, 6140, Grahamstown, RSA aut Allanson Brian Institute for Freshwater Studies, Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94, 6140, Grahamstown, RSA aut Bruton Michael J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Private Bag 1015, 6140, Grahamstown, RSA aut Greenwood P. Fish Section, British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, SW7 5BD, London, UK aut Hart Robert Institute for Freshwater Studies, Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94, 6140, Grahamstown, RSA aut Jackson Peter J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Private Bag 1015, 6140, Grahamstown, RSA aut Ribbink Anthony J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Private Bag 1015, 6140, Grahamstown, RSA aut Environmental Biology of Fishes Kluwer Academic Publishers 17/3(1986-11-01), 161-183 0378-1909 17:3<161 1986 17 10641 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00698196 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00698196 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Coulter George Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science, Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94, 6140, Grahamstown, RSA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Allanson Brian Institute for Freshwater Studies, Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94, 6140, Grahamstown, RSA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bruton Michael J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Private Bag 1015, 6140, Grahamstown, RSA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Greenwood P. Fish Section, British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, SW7 5BD, London, UK aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hart Robert Institute for Freshwater Studies, Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94, 6140, Grahamstown, RSA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Jackson Peter J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Private Bag 1015, 6140, Grahamstown, RSA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ribbink Anthony J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Private Bag 1015, 6140, Grahamstown, RSA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Environmental Biology of Fishes Kluwer Academic Publishers 17/3(1986-11-01), 161-183 0378-1909 17:3<161 1986 17 10641 NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Coulter George Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science, Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94, 6140, Grahamstown, R.S.A aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Allanson Brian Institute for Freshwater Studies, Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94, 6140, Grahamstown, R.S.A aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bruton Michael J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Private Bag 1015, 6140, Grahamstown, R.S.A aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Greenwood P. Fish Section, British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, SW7 5BD, London, U.K aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hart Robert Institute for Freshwater Studies, Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94, 6140, Grahamstown, R.S.A aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Jackson Peter J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Private Bag 1015, 6140, Grahamstown, R.S.A aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ribbink Anthony J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Private Bag 1015, 6140, Grahamstown, R.S.A aut NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00002094 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer