cad a22 4500 467973768 20181103044555.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170328s2017 xx s 000 0 eng 10.5167/uzh-136418 doi 10.1038/nature21371 doi (ZORA)oai:www.zora.uzh.ch:136418 530 ddc 28277519 pmid Reading and writing single-atom magnets [Elektronische Daten] [Fabian D Natterer, Kai Yang, William Paul, Philip Willke, Taeyoung Choi, Thomas Greber, Andreas J Heinrich, Christopher P Lutz] openAccess eu-repo The single-atom bit represents the ultimate limit of the classical approach to high-density magnetic storage media. So far, the smallest individually addressable bistable magnetic bits have consisted of 3-12 atoms. Long magnetic relaxation times have been demonstrated for single lanthanide atoms in molecular magnets, for lanthanides diluted in bulk crystals, and recently for ensembles of holmium (Ho) atoms supported on magnesium oxide (MgO). These experiments suggest a path towards data storage at the atomic limit, but the way in which individual magnetic centres are accessed remains unclear. Here we demonstrate the reading and writing of the magnetism of individual Ho atoms on MgO, and show that they independently retain their magnetic information over many hours. We read the Ho states using tunnel magnetoresistance and write the states with current pulses using a scanning tunnelling microscope. The magnetic origin of the long-lived states is confirmed by single-atom electron spin resonance on a nearby iron sensor atom, which also shows that Ho has a large out-of-plane moment of 10.1 ± 0.1 Bohr magnetons on this surface. To demonstrate independent reading and writing, we built an atomic-scale structure with two Ho bits, to which we write the four possible states and which we read out both magnetoresistively and remotely by electron spin resonance. The high magnetic stability combined with electrical reading and writing shows that single-atom magnetic memory is indeed possible. Physics Institute zora Natterer Fabian D. joint author Yang Kai joint author Paul William joint author Willke Philip joint author Choi Taeyoung joint author Greber Thomas joint author Heinrich Andreas J. joint author Lutz Christopher P. joint author Nature 543(7644):226-228 https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/136418/1/1607.03977.pdf text/html WWW-Backlink auf das Repository 1 Journal Article PeerReviewed zora ZORA 856 40 https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/136418/1/1607.03977.pdf text/html WWW-Backlink auf das Repository ZORA 700 1- Natterer Fabian D. joint author ZORA 700 1- Yang Kai joint author ZORA 700 1- Paul William joint author ZORA 700 1- Willke Philip joint author ZORA 700 1- Choi Taeyoung joint author ZORA 700 1- Greber Thomas joint author ZORA 700 1- Heinrich Andreas J. joint author ZORA 700 1- Lutz Christopher P. joint author ZORA 773 0- Nature 543(7644):226-228 BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 ZORA ZORA ZORA Journal Article openAccess