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   <subfield code="a">The natural rate versus the hysteresis hypothesis: A century of prices and unemployment in the U.S. and U.K</subfield>
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   <subfield code="c">[Rod Cross, Harold Hutchinson, Serena Yeoward]</subfield>
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   <subfield code="a">Conclusion: The point of this note has been to appraise different accounts of the relationship between prices and unemployment in relation to the test of explaining the time series data for prices and unemployment in the U.S. and U.K. over the last century or more. The procedure adopted was to fix a specification of the different hypotheses before looking at the data, not to pursue a specification search for the &quot;best” description of the data generation processes in the U.S. and the U.K. The hypothesis which outperforms the others in relation to tests employed is the hysteresis hypothesis, there being some support for the original Phillips Curve hypothesis (which belongs to the same species), but none for the natural rate hypothesis. Given the Duhem problem, it is not possible to assert conclusively that the natural rate hypothesis cannot be saved by the re-specification of auxiliary hypotheses, but this is in need of demonstration. The estimates of the general unrestricted form of the prices-unemployment relationship suggest that the conditions necessary for estimating relationships in the first and second differences of the price level are violated. Possibly as a result of this, the estimates of the natural rate and hysteresis relationships are unsatisfactory in that the residuals contain autocorrelation and heteroscedasticity. Given this, it would not be in order to draw strong conclusions from the results reported. What can be said is that the evidence in this note gives more support to the hysteresis hypothesis that the change in unemployment, rather than the level effect of the natural rate hypothesis, stimulates changes in the rate of inflation.</subfield>
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