caa a22 4500 46902514X CHVBK 20180323132728.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170328e19920201xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF00241210 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF00241210 Hanafi Hassan Department of Philosophy, University of Cairo, 167 Hijaz St., Heliopolis, Egypt aut World-views of Arab Geographers [Elektronische Daten] [Hassan Hanafi] This paper describes the fundamental attitudes toward nature, land, and human existence which characterize Koranic teachings. Created by God of Heavens and Earth, Land is a substratum of life and resource for human welfare, subject to Divine Will and the fulfillment of human vocations through belief and right action. No land is the eternal or unequivocal possession of any group and the abuse or destruction of the land is due to pride and arrogance which leads to violence, oppression, and the division of mankind between Greeks and barbarians. Arab geography, while drawing on pre-Islamic sources and constantly adapting to new environments and challenges, was a unified science incorporating astronomy, geology, botanics, metallurgy, ethnology, mathematics and metaphysics. Travel accounts provided empirical foundations for mathematical, commercial, economic, and maritime geography, the Portolan charts and other maps providing guides for Spanish and Portuguese sailors and the "geographical discoveries” of European explorers. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1992 GeoJournal Kluwer Academic Publishers 26/2(1992-02-01), 153-156 0343-2521 26:2<153 1992 26 10708 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00241210 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00241210 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Hanafi Hassan Department of Philosophy, University of Cairo, 167 Hijaz St., Heliopolis, Egypt aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- GeoJournal Kluwer Academic Publishers 26/2(1992-02-01), 153-156 0343-2521 26:2<153 1992 26 10708 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer