caa a22 4500 46905073X CHVBK 20180323132830.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170328e19920701xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF00162095 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF00162095 Nikonov A. Institute of Physics of the Earth, Russian Academy of Sciences, 123810, Moscow, Russia aut Abnormal animal behaviour as a precursor of the 7 December 1988 Spitak, Armenia, earthquake [Elektronische Daten] [A. Nikonov] This paper relates some facts about abnormal animal behaviour prior to several Armenian earthquakes. The catastrophic Spitak, northern Armenia, earthquake of 7 December 1988, M = 7, I 0 = X, was preceded by extensive occurrences of abnormal animal behaviour. Proof was established by questioning residents in the area and by distributing specially prepared questionnaires shortly after the event. Approximately 200 reports from 50 sites were examined. The raw data recorded included lists of different types and locations of species that have shown abnormal responses to an impending earthquake, distribution of anomalous occurrences over the area, and precursor times. It is concluded that specially conducted observations of animal behaviour as a possible premonitory phenomenon is both useful and necessary. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1992 Abnormal animal behaviour nationallicence earthquake prediction nationallicence premonitory phenomena nationallicence Spitak earthquake nationallicence Natural Hazards Kluwer Academic Publishers 6/1(1992-07-01), 1-10 0921-030X 6:1<1 1992 6 11069 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00162095 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00162095 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Nikonov A. Institute of Physics of the Earth, Russian Academy of Sciences, 123810, Moscow, Russia aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Natural Hazards Kluwer Academic Publishers 6/1(1992-07-01), 1-10 0921-030X 6:1<1 1992 6 11069 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer