caa a22 4500 469054697 CHVBK 20180323132840.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170328e19921101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF00243509 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF00243509 Rewarming of feet by lower and upper body exercise [Elektronische Daten] [H. Rintamäki, J. Hassi, J. Oksa, T. Mäkinen] Summary: The capacity of different types of exercise to rewarm the body, especially the feet, was studied. Six healthy male subjects wearing winter clothing (2.4 clo, 0.37° C·m2·W−1) were exposed on three occasions to −15° C for 120 min. For the first 60 min the subjects were cooled while sitting motionless and for the latter 60 min they were submitted to cycle ergometer exercise (CE), arm ergometer exercise (AE) or step exercise (ST). The rate of work in CE (about 350 W) served as a reference value for AE and ST. The cooling resulted in an average 1.7 (SEM 0.03) °C decrease in mean body temperature (T b) corresponding to a 425 (SEM 9) kJ heat debt. The ST increased most effectively mean skin, rectal and lower body skin temperatures as well as dry heat loss. The ST increased T b by 0.83 (SEM 0.16) °C, CE by 0.10 (SEM 0.11) °C and AE by only 0.07 (SEM 0.12) °C. At the end of the exercise the foot temperature was approximately 6°C higher in ST than in CE. The superior rewarming by ST was apparently due to its low mechanical efficiency. Because the increase in T b could not explain all the changes in foot temperatures, increased circulation and metabolism of the feet would also appear to have been involved. Springer-Verlag, 1992 Rewarming nationallicence Foot nationallicence Exercise nationallicence Ergometer nationallicence Step nationallicence Rintamäki H. Oulu Regional Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 451, SF-90101, Oulu, Finland aut Hassi J. Oulu Regional Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 451, SF-90101, Oulu, Finland aut Oksa J. Oulu Regional Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 451, SF-90101, Oulu, Finland aut Mäkinen T. Oulu Regional Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 451, SF-90101, Oulu, Finland aut European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology Springer-Verlag 65/5(1992-11-01), 427-432 0301-5548 65:5<427 1992 65 421 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00243509 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00243509 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Rintamäki H. Oulu Regional Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 451, SF-90101, Oulu, Finland aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hassi J. Oulu Regional Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 451, SF-90101, Oulu, Finland aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Oksa J. Oulu Regional Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 451, SF-90101, Oulu, Finland aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Mäkinen T. Oulu Regional Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 451, SF-90101, Oulu, Finland aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology Springer-Verlag 65/5(1992-11-01), 427-432 0301-5548 65:5<427 1992 65 421 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer