caa a22 4500 469061219 CHVBK 20180323132857.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170328e19921001xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF01246569 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF01246569 Evaluation of sampling methods for determining infestation rates of the tracheal mite ( Acarapis woodi R. ) in colonies of the honey bee ( Apis mellifera ): Spatial, temporal, and spatio-temporal effects [Elektronische Daten] [Nicholas Calderone, Hachiro Shimanuki] Current sampling methods for estimating infestation rates of tracheal mites in colonies of the honey bee,Apis mellifera, assume that infested bees are randomly distributed and that temporal fluctuations in infestation rates occur homogeneously throughout the colony. We examined these assumptions. Samples of bees were collected from up to five locations in each of eight colonies, and colonies were sampled several times throughout the year. Estimates of infestation rates varied, depending on the location in the colony from which a sample was obtained. Temporal fluctuations in infestation rates did not always occur homogeneously with respect to sampling location. These results demonstrate that assumptions of current sampling protocols for estimating tracheal-mite infestation rates are often violated. Consequently, estimates derived using these methods may not be accurate, and conclusions based on such estimates may not be valid. Elsevier Science Publishers B. V, 1992 Calderone Nicholas Bee Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Building 476 BARCEAST, 10300 Baltimore Ave., 20705-2350, Beltsville, MD, USA aut Shimanuki Hachiro Bee Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Building 476 BARCEAST, 10300 Baltimore Ave., 20705-2350, Beltsville, MD, USA aut Experimental & Applied Acarology Kluwer Academic Publishers 15/4(1992-10-01), 285-298 0168-8162 15:4<285 1992 15 10493 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01246569 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01246569 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Calderone Nicholas Bee Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Building 476 BARCEAST, 10300 Baltimore Ave., 20705-2350, Beltsville, MD, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Shimanuki Hachiro Bee Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Building 476 BARCEAST, 10300 Baltimore Ave., 20705-2350, Beltsville, MD, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Experimental & Applied Acarology Kluwer Academic Publishers 15/4(1992-10-01), 285-298 0168-8162 15:4<285 1992 15 10493 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer