caa a22 4500 469096314 CHVBK 20180323133031.0 cr unu---uuuuu 170328e19921101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/BF00317373 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/BF00317373 Effects of pyrrolizidine alkaloids and sesquiterpenes on snail feeding [Elektronische Daten] [B. Speiser, J. Harmatha, M. Rowell-Rahier] Summary: We determined in the laboratory the feeding response of two populations of the generalist herbivorous snail Arianta arbustorum (Helicidae) towards the composite Adenostyles alliariae and towards various allelochemicals. These were: a pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PA) extract of Adenostyles leaves; senecionine (a PA present in Adenostyles); retrorsine (a PA not present in Adenostyles) and two sesquiterpene (ST) fractions from Adenostyles: a mixture of the STs adenostylone and neoadenostylone, and deacyladenostylone. Tertiary PAs and PA N-oxides were tested separately. For each allelochemical, we tested whether it was deterrent or whether it induced changes of feeding behaviour (i.e. whether it had pre- or postingestive effects), and whether the effects were more pronounced with younger (smaller) snails. The tertiary PA extract from Adenostyles was deterrent, especially for young snails, but did not induce changes of feeding behaviour. Tertiary PA senecionine was deterrent for young snails only and induced changes of feeding behaviour. Also, consumption of untreated Petasites was higher after this treatment. Tertiary PA retrorsine was not deterrent, but induced changes of feeding behaviour. The PA N-oxides showed no activity against the snails. The mixture of adenostylone and neoadenostylone was deterrent and induced feeding aversions. Deacyladenostylone was highly deterrent, but did not induce changes of feeding behaviour. At the Jura site, PA content of Adenostyles was lower than at the Black Forest site. The snails from Jura consumed much less Adenostyles than the snails from Black Forest, and also ate a little less of the treated leaf discs. The PAs which are encountered by the snails in their natural food plants (PA extract and senecionine) were more deterrent than retrorsine (a novel compound). This suggests that the snails have mechanisms for the rejection of allelochemicals which they encounter in their natural food plants, but not for novel allelochemicals. The results suggest two hypotheses regarding the function of the allelochemicals in Adenostyles: (1) The allelochemicals act mainly on very young snails. (2) PAs render Adenostyles toxic, while STs act as feeding deterrents. Springer-Verlag, 1992 Adenostyles nationallicence Arianta nationallicence Feeding deterrency nationallicence Pyrrolizidine alkaloids nationallicence Furanoeremophilane sesquiterpenes nationallicence Speiser B. Zoologisches Institut der Universität, Rheinsprung 9, CH-4051, Basel, Switzerland aut Harmatha J. Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, 16610, Prague, Czechoslovakia aut Rowell-Rahier M. Zoologisches Institut der Universität, Rheinsprung 9, CH-4051, Basel, Switzerland aut Oecologia Springer-Verlag 92/2(1992-11-01), 257-265 0029-8549 92:2<257 1992 92 442 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00317373 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00317373 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Speiser B. Zoologisches Institut der Universität, Rheinsprung 9, CH-4051, Basel, Switzerland aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Harmatha J. Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, 16610, Prague, Czechoslovakia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Rowell-Rahier M. Zoologisches Institut der Universität, Rheinsprung 9, CH-4051, Basel, Switzerland aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Oecologia Springer-Verlag 92/2(1992-11-01), 257-265 0029-8549 92:2<257 1992 92 442 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer